Trebbiano
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| Trebbiano | |
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| Trebbiano grapes growing in Marche, Italy | |
| Species: | Vitis vinifera |
| Also called: | Ugni Blanc, St. Émilion, White Hermitage, White Shiraz (more) |
| Origin: | Italy |
| Notable regions: | Italy, France, Australia |
| Notable wines: | Orvieto, Cognac, Armagnac |
Trebbiano is a grape variety that probably makes more white wine in the world than any other. It gives good yields, but makes undistinguished wine at best. It can be fresh and fruity, but doesn't keep long. Its high acidity makes it important in cognac production. Also known as Ugni Blanc, it has many other names reflecting a family of local subtypes, particularly in Italy and France.[1]
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[edit] History
Trebbiano may have originated in the Eastern Mediterranean, and was known in Italy in Roman times. A subtype was recognised in Bologna in the thirteenth century, and as Ugni Blanc it made its way to France, possibly during the Papal retreat to Avignon in the fourteenth century.[2]
[edit] Distribution and Wines
[edit] Argentina
Like many Italian grapes, Trebbiano came to Argentina with Italian immigrants.
[edit] Australia
"White Hermitage" came to Australia with James Busby in 1832.[2] The major plantings are in New South Wales and South Australia, where it is mostly used for brandy and for blending with other grapes in table wine.
[edit] Bulgaria
In Bulgaria as in Portugal it is known as 'Thalia'
[edit] France
'Ugni Blanc' is the most widely planted white grape of France, being found particularly along the Provençal coast, in the Gironde and Charente. It is also known as 'Clairette Ronde', 'Clairette de Vence', 'Queue de Renard', and in Corsica as 'Rossola'. Most of the table wine is unremarkable and often blended or turned into industrial alcohol.
Under the name 'St. Émilion', Trebbiano is important in brandy production, being the most common grape variety of the Cognac and Armagnac.[3] In the Armagnac / Côtes de Gascogne area it is also used in the white Floc de Gascogne. [4]
[edit] Italy
The Trebbiano family account for around a third of all white wine in Italy. It is mentioned in over 80 of Italy's DOCs, although it has just six of its own : Trebbiano d'Abruzzo, Trebbiano di Aprilia, Trebbiano di Arborea, Trebbiano di Capriano del Colle, Trebbiano di Romagna and Trebbiano Val Trebbia dei Colli Piacentini.
Perhaps the most successful Trebbiano-based blend are the Orvieto whites of Umbria, which use a local clone called Procanico.
Trebbiano is also used to produce balsamic vinegar.
[edit] Portugal
As in Bulgaria, the variety is known as 'Thalia' in Portugal.
[edit] USA
Italian immigrants brought Trebbiano to California, but it's seldom seen as a single variety table wine.
[edit] Vine and Viticulture
The vine is vigorous and high-yielding, with long cylindrical bunches of tough-skinned berries that yield acidic yellow juice.
[edit] Synonyms
Albano, Biancone, Blanc Auba, Blanc De Cadillac, Blancoun, Bobiano, Bonebeou, Branquinha, Brocanico, Bubbiano, Buriano, Buzzetto, Cadillac, Cadillate, Castelli, Castelli Romani, Castillone, Chator, Clairette D'Afrique, Clairette De Vence, Clairette Ronde, Engana Rapazes, Espadeiro Branco, Falanchina, Greco, Gredelin, Hermitage White, Juni Blan, Lugana, Malvasia Fina, Muscadet Aigre, Padeiro Branco, Perugino, Procanico, Procanico Dell Isola D Elba, Procanico Portoferraio, Queue De Renard, Romani, Rossan De Nice, Rossetto, Rossola, Rossula, Roussan, Roussea, Rusciola, Saint Emilion, Saint Emilion Des Charentes, Santoro, Shiraz White, Spoletino, Talia, Trebbianello, Trebbiano, Trebbiano Della Fiamma, Trebbiano Di Cesene, Trebbiano Di Empoli, Trebbiano Di Lucca, Trebbiano Di Tortona, Trebbiano Fiorentino, Trebbiano Toscano, Trebbianone, Tribbiano, Tribbiano Forte, Turbiano, Ugni Blanc,[5] Bouan, Beau, Thalia, [2] Trebbiano di Soave, Trebbiano Romagnolo, Trebbiano Gallo and Trebbiano d'Abruzzo.
[edit] References
- ^ Robinson, Jancis Vines, Grapes & Wines Mitchell Beazley 1986 ISBN 1857329996
- ^ a b c Radden, Rosemary. Grapes and Wines of the World. The State Library of South Australia, GPO Box 419, Adelaide SA 5001. Retrieved on 2007-04-22.
- ^ Lichine, Alexis (1967). Alexis Lichine's Encyclopedia of Wines and Spirits. London: Cassell & Company Ltd., p.476.
- ^ Maison des Producteurs du Floc de Gascogne, F-32 800 Eauze.
- ^ Maul, E.; Eibach, R. (1999-06-00). Vitis International Variety Catalogue. Information and Coordination Centre for Biological Diversity (IBV) of the Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food (BLE), Deichmanns Aue 29, 53179 Bonn, Germany. Retrieved on 2007-04-22.
[edit] See also
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