Transcription Factor II B

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General transcription factor IIB
PDB rendering based on 1c9b.
Available structures: 1c9b, 1dl6, 1rly, 1ro4, 1tfb, 1vol, 2phg
Identifiers
Symbol(s) GTF2B; TF2B; TFIIB
External IDs OMIM: 189963 MGI: 2385191 HomoloGene: 1158
RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data
Orthologs
Human Mouse
Entrez 2959 229906
Ensembl ENSG00000137947 ENSMUSG00000028271
Uniprot Q00403 Q3ULN2
Refseq NM_001514 (mRNA)
NP_001505 (protein)		 NM_145546 (mRNA)
NP_663521 (protein)
Location Chr 1: 89.09 - 89.13 Mb Chr 3: 142.7 - 142.72 Mb
Pubmed search [1] [2]

Transcription Factor II B (TFIIB) is one of several general transcription factors that make up the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex.[1] It is encoded by the TFIIB gene.[2][3]

Transcription factor IIB localizes to the nucleus where it forms a complex (the DAB complex) with transcription factors IID and IIA. The protein serves as a bridge between IID, the factor which initially recognizes the promoter sequence, and RNA polymerase II.[4] It is involved in the selection of the transcription start site: mutations in TFIIB cause a shift in the transcription start site.[5]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Lewin, Benjamin (2004). Genes VIII. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, p636-637. ISBN 0-13-144946-X. 
  2. ^ Ha I, Lane WS, Reinberg D (1991). "Cloning of a human gene encoding the general transcription initiation factor IIB". Nature 352 (6337): 689–95. doi:10.1038/352689a0. PMID 1876184. 
  3. ^ Heng HH, Xiao H, Shi XM, Greenblatt J, Tsui LC (1994). "Genes encoding general initiation factors for RNA polymerase II transcription are dispersed in the human genome". Hum. Mol. Genet. 3 (1): 61–4. doi:10.1093/hmg/3.1.61. PMID 8162052. 
  4. ^ Entrez Gene: GTF2B general transcription factor IIB.
  5. ^ Lee TI, Young RA (2000). "Transcription of eukaryotic protein-coding genes". Annu. Rev. Genet. 34: 77–137. doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.34.1.77. PMID 11092823. 

[edit] Further reading

  • Roeder RG (1996). "The role of general initiation factors in transcription by RNA polymerase II.". Trends Biochem. Sci. 21 (9): 327–35. PMID 8870495. 
  • Kino T, Pavlakis GN (2004). "Partner molecules of accessory protein Vpr of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1.". DNA Cell Biol. 23 (4): 193–205. doi:10.1089/104454904773819789. PMID 15142377. 
  • Kino T, Chrousos GP (2004). "Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 accessory protein Vpr: a causative agent of the AIDS-related insulin resistance/lipodystrophy syndrome?". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1024: 153–67. doi:10.1196/annals.1321.013. PMID 15265780. 
  • Seelamgari A, Maddukuri A, Berro R, et al. (2006). "Role of viral regulatory and accessory proteins in HIV-1 replication.". Front. Biosci. 9: 2388–413. PMID 15353294. 
  • Ing NH, Beekman JM, Tsai SY, et al. (1992). "Members of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily interact with TFIIB (S300-II).". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (25): 17617–23. PMID 1517211. 
  • Malik S, Hisatake K, Sumimoto H, et al. (1991). "Sequence of general transcription factor TFIIB and relationships to other initiation factors.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 (21): 9553–7. PMID 1946368. 
  • Klemm RD, Goodrich JA, Zhou S, Tjian R (1995). "Molecular cloning and expression of the 32-kDa subunit of human TFIID reveals interactions with VP16 and TFIIB that mediate transcriptional activation.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (13): 5788–92. PMID 7597030. 
  • Veschambre P, Simard P, Jalinot P (1995). "Evidence for functional interaction between the HIV-1 Tat transactivator and the TATA box binding protein in vivo.". J. Mol. Biol. 250 (2): 169–80. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1995.0368. PMID 7608968. 
  • Desai-Yajnik V, Hadzic E, Modlinger P, et al. (1995). "Interactions of thyroid hormone receptor with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat and the HIV-1 Tat transactivator.". J. Virol. 69 (8): 5103–12. PMID 7609079. 
  • Cavaillès V, Dauvois S, L'Horset F, et al. (1995). "Nuclear factor RIP140 modulates transcriptional activation by the estrogen receptor.". EMBO J. 14 (15): 3741–51. PMID 7641693. 
  • Nakshatri H, Nakshatri P, Currie RA (1995). "Interaction of Oct-1 with TFIIB. Implications for a novel response elicited through the proximal octamer site of the lipoprotein lipase promoter.". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (33): 19613–23. PMID 7642649. 
  • Abendroth FD, Peterson SR, Galman M, et al. (1995). "Identification of human autoantibodies to transcription factor IIB.". Nucleic Acids Res. 23 (14): 2770–4. PMID 7651839. 
  • Bagby S, Kim S, Maldonado E, et al. (1995). "Solution structure of the C-terminal core domain of human TFIIB: similarity to cyclin A and interaction with TATA-binding protein.". Cell 82 (5): 857–67. PMID 7671313. 
  • Nikolov DB, Chen H, Halay ED, et al. (1995). "Crystal structure of a TFIIB-TBP-TATA-element ternary complex.". Nature 377 (6545): 119–28. doi:10.1038/377119a0. PMID 7675079. 
  • Schmitz ML, Stelzer G, Altmann H, et al. (1995). "Interaction of the COOH-terminal transactivation domain of p65 NF-kappa B with TATA-binding protein, transcription factor IIB, and coactivators.". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (13): 7219–26. PMID 7706261. 
  • Yu L, Zhang Z, Loewenstein PM, et al. (1995). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a cellular protein that interacts with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat transactivator and encodes a strong transcriptional activation domain.". J. Virol. 69 (5): 3007–16. PMID 7707527. 
  • Yu L, Loewenstein PM, Zhang Z, Green M (1995). "In vitro interaction of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat transactivator and the general transcription factor TFIIB with the cellular protein TAP.". J. Virol. 69 (5): 3017–23. PMID 7707528. 
  • Auffray C, Behar G, Bois F, et al. (1995). "[IMAGE: molecular integration of the analysis of the human genome and its expression]". C. R. Acad. Sci. III, Sci. Vie 318 (2): 263–72. PMID 7757816. 
  • Franklin CC, McCulloch AV, Kraft AS (1995). "In vitro association between the Jun protein family and the general transcription factors, TBP and TFIIB.". Biochem. J. 305 ( Pt 3): 967–74. PMID 7848298. 

[edit] External links

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v • d • e
Cell signaling
Key concepts
Processes
Types of proteins
receptor ligands
v • d • e
Transcription factors and intracellular receptors
(1) Basic domains
(1.1) Basic leucine zipper (bZIP)
Activating transcription factor (AATF, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) • AP-1 (c-Fos, FOSB, FOSL1, FOSL2, c-Jun, JUNB, JUND) • BACH (1, 2) • BATF • BLZF1 • C/EBP (α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ) • CREB (1, 3, L1) • CREM • DBP • DDIT3 • GABPA • HLF • MAF (B, F, G, K) • NFE (2, L1, L2) • NRL • NRF1 • XBP1
(1.2) Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)
ATOH1 • AhR • AHRR • ARNT • ASCL1 • BHLHB2 • BMAL (ARNTL, ARNTL2) • CLOCK • EPAS1 • HAND (1, 2) • HES (5, 6) • HEY (1, 2, L) • HES1 • HIF (1A, 3A) • ID (1, 2, 3, 4) • LYL1 • MXD4 • MYCL1 • MYCN • Myogenic regulatory factors (MyoD, Myogenin, MYF5, MYF6) • Neurogenins • NeuroD (1, 2) • NPAS (1, 2, 3) • OLIG (1, 2) • Scleraxis • TAL1 • Twist • USF1
(1.3) bHLH-ZIP
MAX • MITF • MNT • MLX • MXI1 • Myc • SREBP (1, 2)
(1.6) Basic helix-span-helix (bHSH)
(2) Zinc finger
DNA-binding domains
(2.1) Nuclear receptor (Cys4)
subfamily 1 (Thyroid hormone (α, β), CAR, FXR, LXR (α, β), PPAR (α, β/δ, γ), PXR, RAR (α, β, γ), ROR (α, β, γ), Rev-ErbA (α, β), VDR) • subfamily 2 (COUP-TF (I, II), Ear-2, HNF4 (α, γ), PNR, RXR (α, β, γ), Testicular receptor (2, 4), TLX) • subfamily 3 (Steroid hormone (Estrogen (α, β), Estrogen related (α, β, γ), Androgen, Glucocorticoid, Mineralocorticoid, Progesterone)) • subfamily 4 NUR (NGFIB, NOR1, NURR1) • subfamily 5 (LRH-1, SF1) • subfamily 6 (GCNF) • subfamily 0 (DAX1, SHP)
(2.2) Other Cys4
GATA (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) • MTA (1, 2, 3)
(2.3) Cys2His2
ATBF1 • BCL(6, 11A, 11B) • CTCF • E4F1 • EGR (2, 3) • ERV3 • General transcription factors (TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF: 1, 2, TFIIH: 1, 2, 4, 2I, 3A, 3C1, 3C2) • GFI1 • GLI-Krüppel family (1, 2, 3, YY1) • HIC (1, 2) • HIVEP (1, 2, 3) • IKZF (1, 2, 3) • ILF (2, 3) • KLF (2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13) • MTF1 • MYT1 • OSR1 • Sp1 • zinc finger ((3, 7, 9, 10, 19, 22, 24, 33B, 34, 35, 41, 43, 44, 51, 74, 143, 146, 148, 165, 202, 217, 219, 238, 239, 259, 267, 268, 281, 295, 318, 330, 346, 350, 365, 366, 384, 451, 452, 471, 593, 638, 649, 655) • Zbtb7 (7A) • ZBT (16, 17, 33)
(2.4) Cys6
(2.5) Alternating composition
AIRE • DIDO1 • GRLF1 • ING (1, 2, 4) • JARID (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 2) • JMJD1B
(3) Helix-turn-helix
domains
ARX • CDX (1, 2) • CRX • CUTL1 • DLX (3, 4, 5) • EMX2 • EN (1, 2) • FHL (1, 2, 3) • HESX1 • HHEX • HLX • Homeobox (A1, A3, A4, A5, A7, A9, A10, A11, A13, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B13, C4, C5, C6, C8, C9, C10, C11, C13, D1, D3, D4, D8, D9, D10, D11, D12, D13) • HOPX • MEIS (1, 2) • MEOX2 • MNX1 • MSX (1, 2) • NANOG • NKX (2-1, 2-5, 3-1) • PHF (3, 6, 10, 17) • POU domain (PIT-1, BRN-3: 1, 2, Octamer transcription factor: 1, 2, 3/4, 6, 7) • OTX (1, 2) • PDX1
(3.2) Paired box
PAX (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
E2F (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) • FOX proteins (C1, C2, E1, G1, H1, K2, L2, M1, N3, O1A, , O3A, O4, P1, P2, P3)
HSF (1, 2, 4)
(3.5) Tryptophan clusters
ELF (4, 5) • EGF • ELK (1, 3, 4) • ERF • ERG • ETS (1, 2) • ETV (1, 4, 5, 6) • FLI1 • Interferon regulatory factors (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) • MYB • MYBL2
(3.6) TEA domain
transcriptional enhancer factor 1, 2
(4) β-Scaffold factors with
minor groove contacts
(4.1) Rel homology region
NF-κB (NFKB1, NFKB2, REL, RELA, RELB) • NFAT (C1, C2, C3, C4, 5)
(4.2) STAT
STAT (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
(4.3) p53
(4.4) MADS box
Mef2 (A, B, C, D) • SRF
HNF (1A, 1B) • LEF1 • SOX (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 18) • SRY • SSRP1
(4.10) Cold-shock domain
(4.11) Runt
(0) Other
transcription factors
(0.2) HMGI(Y)
HMGA (1, 2) • HBP1
Rb • RBL1 • RBL2
(0.5) AP-2/EREBP-related factors
Apetala 2 • EREBP • B3
(0.6) Miscellaneous
ARID (1A, 1B, 2, 3A, 3B, 4A) • CAP • IFI (16, 35) • MLL (2, 3, T1) • MNDA • NFI (A, B, C, X) • NFY (A, B, C) • Rho/Sigma • R-SMAD