From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The traditional colors of Japan are a collection of colors traditionally used in Japanese Literature, textiles such as kimono, and other Japanese arts and crafts.
[edit] History
The traditional colors of Japan trace their historical origins to the Twelve Level Cap and Rank System which was established in 603 by Prince Shōtoku and based on the system of Five elements. In this system, rank and social hierarchy were displayed and determined by certain colors. Colors known as kinjiki, were strictly reserved for the robes of the highest ranking government officials, for example the color Ōtan was used as the color for the robes of Kuge and use by any other lower rank was prohibited. Colors known as yurushiiro were permitted for use by the common people.
Most names of colors originate from the names of plants, flowers, and animals with which they resemble. Certain colors and dyeing techniques have been used since the Asuka period, while others have developed in times as late as the Meiji period when synthetic dyes became common.
Note that due to the long history of use of this color system, some variations in color and names do exist. Most of the names of these colors have their origins in China, where the color system is even more elaborate and sophisticated.
[edit] Colors
[edit] Red-Violet Series
| Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
| 一斤染 |
Ikkonzome |
240,143,144 |
#F08F90 |
桃色 |
Momo-iro |
244,121,131 |
#F47983 |
| 紅梅色 |
Kōbai-iro |
219,90,107 |
#DB5A6B |
中紅 |
Nakabeni |
201,55,86 |
#C93756 |
| 桜色 |
Sakura-iro |
252,201,185 |
#FCC9B9 |
退紅 |
Arazome |
255,179,167 |
#FFB3A7 |
| 薄紅 |
Usubeni |
242,102,108 |
#F2666C |
|
|
|
|
[edit] Red Series
| Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
| 鴇羽色 |
Tokiha-iro |
245,143,132 |
#F58F84 |
桜鼠 |
Sakuranezumi |
172,129,118 |
#AC8181 |
| 長春色 |
Chōshun-iro |
185,87,84 |
#B95754 |
韓紅花 |
Karakurenai |
201,31,55 |
#C91F37 |
| 臙脂色 |
Enji-iro |
157,41,51 |
#9D2933 |
深緋 |
Kokiake |
123,59,58 |
#7B3B3A |
| 甚三紅 |
Jinzamomi |
247,102,90 |
#F7665A |
水がき |
Mizugaki |
181,108,96 |
#B56C60 |
| 梅鼠 |
Umenezumi |
151,100,90 |
#97645A |
蘇芳香 |
Suōkō |
162,79,70 |
#A24F46 |
| 赤紅 |
Akabeni |
195,39,43 |
#C3272B |
真朱 |
Shinshu |
143,29,33 |
#8F1D21 |
| 小豆色 |
Azuki-iro |
103,36,34 |
#672422 |
銀朱 |
Ginshu |
188,45,41 |
#BC2D29 |
| 海老茶 |
Ebicha |
94,40,36 |
#5E2824 |
栗梅 |
Kiriume |
139,53,45 |
#8B352D |
| 曙色 |
Akebono-iro |
250,123,98 |
#FA7B62 |
珊瑚珠色 |
Sangoshu-iro |
248,103,79 |
#F8674F |
| 猩猩緋 |
Shōjōhi |
220,48,35 |
#DC3023 |
芝翫茶 |
Shikancha |
171,76,61 |
#AB4C3D |
| 柿渋色 |
Kakishibu-iro |
147,67,55 |
#934337 |
紅樺 |
Benikaba |
157,43,34 |
#9D2B22 |
| 紅鳶 |
Benitobi |
145,50,40 |
#913228 |
紅檜皮 |
Benihibata |
111,48,40 |
#6F3028 |
| 黒鳶 |
Kurotobi |
53,30,28 |
#351E1C |
紅緋 |
Benihi |
243,83,54 |
#F35336 |
| 照柿 |
Terigaki |
211,78,54 |
#D34E36 |
緋 |
Ake |
207,58,36 |
#CF3A24 |
| 江戸茶 |
Edocha |
161,61,45 |
#A13D2D |
紅柄色 |
Bengara-iro |
145,50,37 |
#913225 |
| 檜皮色 |
Hihada-iro |
117,46,35 |
#752E23 |
宍色 |
Shishi-iro |
249,144,111 |
#F9906F |
| 洗朱 |
Araishu |
255,121,82 |
#FF7952 |
赤香色 |
Akakō-iro |
240,127,94 |
#F07F5E |
| ときがら茶 |
Tokigaracha |
230,131,100 |
#E68364 |
黄丹 |
Ōtan |
255,78,32 |
#FF4E20 |
| 蘇比 |
Sohi |
227,92,56 |
#E35C38 |
遠州茶 |
Enshūcha |
203,102,73 |
#CB6649 |
| 唐茶 |
Karacha |
179,92,68 |
#B35C44 |
樺茶 |
Kabacha |
177,74,48 |
#B14A30 |
| 宗傳唐茶 |
Sōdenkaracha |
155,83,63 |
#9B533F |
雀茶 |
Suzumecha |
140,71,54 |
#8C4736 |
| 栗皮茶 |
Kurikawacha |
96,40,30 |
#60281E |
百塩茶 |
Momoshiocha |
84,45,36 |
#542D24 |
| 鳶色 |
Tobi-iro |
76,34,27 |
#4C221B |
|
|
|
|
[edit] Yellow Red Series
| Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
| 胡桃染 |
Kurumizome |
159,116,98 |
#9F7462 |
蒲色 |
Kaba-iro |
182,73,37 |
#B64925 |
| 黄櫨染 |
Kōrozen |
89,43,31 |
#592B1F |
焦茶 |
Kogecha |
53,31,25 |
#351F19 |
| 深支子 |
Kokikuchinashi |
245,127,79 |
#F57F4F |
洗柿 |
Araigaki |
236,130,84 |
#EC8254 |
| 代赭色 |
Taisha-iro |
159,82,51 |
#9F5233 |
赤白橡 |
Akashirotsurubami |
236,149,108 |
#EC956C |
| 礪茶 |
Tonocha |
152,85,56 |
#985538 |
煎茶色 |
Sencha-iro |
130,75,53 |
#824B35 |
| 洒落柿 |
Sharegaki |
255,162,107 |
#FFA26B |
薄柿 |
Usugaki |
252,164,116 |
#FCA474 |
| 萱草色 |
Kanzō-iro |
255,137,54 |
#FF8936 |
梅染 |
Umezome |
250,146,88 |
#FA9258 |
| 紅鬱金 |
Beniukon |
251,129,54 |
#FB8136 |
丁子茶 |
Chōjicha |
143,88,60 |
#8F583C |
| 憲法染 |
Kenpōzome |
46,33,27 |
#2E211B |
枇杷茶 |
Biwacha |
171,97,52 |
#AB6134 |
| 琥珀色 |
Kohaku-iro |
202,105,36 |
#CA6924 |
淡香 |
Usukō |
255,165,101 |
#FFA565 |
| 朽葉色 |
Kuchiba-iro |
213,120,53 |
#FFA565 |
金茶 |
Kincha |
198,107,39 |
#C66B27 |
| 丁子染 |
Chōjizome |
169,98,50 |
#C66B27 |
狐色 |
Kitsune-iro |
152,86,41 |
#985629 |
| 柴染 |
Fushizome |
140,89,57 |
#8C5939 |
伽羅色 |
Kyara-iro |
106,67,45 |
#6A432D |
| 煤竹色 |
Susutake-iro |
89,58,39 |
#593A27 |
白茶 |
Shiracha |
196,142,105 |
#C48E69 |
| 黄土色 |
Ōdo-iro |
190,127,81 |
#BE7F51 |
銀煤竹 |
Kinsusutake |
125,78,45 |
#7D4E2D |
| 黄唐茶 |
Kigaracha |
183,112,45 |
#B7702D |
媚茶 |
Kobicha |
107,68,35 |
#6B4423 |
[edit] Yellow Series
| Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
| 浅黄 |
Usuki |
247,187,125 |
#F7BB7D |
山吹色 |
Yamabuki-iro |
255,164,0 |
#FFA400 |
| 玉子色 |
Tamago-iro |
255,166,49 |
#FFA631 |
櫨染 |
Hajizome |
224,138,30 |
#E08A1E |
| 山吹茶 |
Yamabukicha |
203,126,31 |
#CB7E1F |
桑染 |
Kuwazome |
197,127,46 |
#C57F2E |
| 生壁色 |
Namakabe-iro |
120,94,73 |
#785E49 |
支子 |
Kuchinashi |
255,185,90 |
#FFB95A |
| 玉蜀黍色 |
Tōmorokoshi-iro |
250,169,69 |
#FAA945 |
白橡 |
Shirotsurubami |
206,159,111 |
#CE9F6F |
| 黄橡 |
Kitsurubami |
187,129,65 |
#BB8141 |
藤黄 |
Tō'ō |
255,182,30 |
#FFB61E |
| 花葉色 |
Hanaba-iro |
255,185,78 |
#FFB94E |
鳥の子色 |
Torinoko-iro |
226,190,159 |
#E2BE9F |
| 鬱金色 |
Ukon-iro |
230,155,58 |
#E69B3A |
黄朽葉 |
Kikuchiba |
226,156,69 |
#E29C45 |
| 利休白茶 |
Rikyūshiracha |
176,146,122 |
#B0927A |
利休茶 |
Rikyūcha |
130,107,88 |
#826B58 |
| 灰汁色 |
Aku-iro |
127,107,93 |
#7F6B5D |
肥後煤竹 |
Higosusutake |
127,93,59 |
#7F5D3B |
| 路考茶 |
Rokōcha |
102,83,67 |
#665343 |
海松茶 |
Mirucha |
76,61,48 |
#4C3D30 |
| 菜種油色 |
Nataneyu-iro |
161,121,23 |
#A17917 |
黄海松茶 |
Kimirucha |
137,108,57 |
#896C39 |
| 鶯茶 |
Uguisucha |
92,72,39 |
#5C4827 |
菜の花色 |
Nanohanacha |
227,177,48 |
#E3B130 |
| 苅安 |
Kariyasu |
226,177,60 |
#E2B13C |
黄蘗 |
Kihada |
243,193,58 |
#F3C13A |
| 蒸栗色 |
Mushikuri-iro |
211,177,125 |
#D3B17D |
青朽葉 |
Aokuchiba |
170,135,54 |
#AA8736 |
| 鶸茶 |
Hiwacha |
149,123,56 |
#957B38 |
女郎花 |
Ominaeshi |
217,182,17 |
#D9B611 |
| 鶯色 |
Uguisu-iro |
100,85,48 |
#645530 |
|
|
|
|
[edit] Yellow Green Series
| Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
| 鶸色 |
Hiwa-iro |
189,169,40 |
#BDA928 |
青白橡 |
Aoshiroturubami |
187,164,109 |
#BBA46D |
| 柳茶 |
Yanagicha |
156,138,77 |
#9C8A4D |
璃寛茶 |
Rikancha |
83,74,50 |
#534A32 |
| 藍媚茶 |
Aikobicha |
71,63,45 |
#473F2D |
苔色 |
Koke-iro |
139,125,58 |
#8B7D3A |
| 海松色 |
Miru-iro |
82,75,42 |
#524B2A |
千歳茶 |
Sensaicha |
59,52,41 |
#3B3429 |
| 梅幸茶 |
Baikōcha |
133,124,85 |
#857C55 |
岩井茶 |
Iwaicha |
94,85,69 |
#5E5545 |
| 鶸萌黄 |
Hiwamoegi |
122,148,46 |
#7A942E |
柳煤竹 |
Yanagisusutake |
77,75,58 |
#4D4B3A |
| 裏柳 |
Urayanagi |
188,181,140 |
#BCB58C |
淡萌黄 |
Usumoegi |
141,178,85 |
#8DB255 |
| 柳染 |
Yanagizome |
140,158,94 |
#8C9E5E |
萌黄 |
Moegi |
91,137,48 |
#5B8930 |
| 青丹 |
Aoni |
82,89,59 |
#52593B |
松葉色 |
Matsuba-iro |
69,77,50 |
#454D32 |
[edit] Green/Blue Green Series
| Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
| 薄青 |
Usuao |
140,156,118 |
#8C9C76 |
若竹色 |
Wakatake-iro |
107,147,98 |
#6B9362 |
| 柳鼠 |
Yanaginezumi |
129,123,105 |
#817B69 |
老竹色 |
Oitake-iro |
94,100,79 |
#5E644F |
| 千歳緑 |
Sensaimidori |
55,66,49 |
#374231 |
緑 |
Midori |
42,96,59 |
#2A603B |
| 白緑 |
Byakuroku |
165,186,147 |
#A5BA93 |
錆青磁 |
Sabiseiji |
137,138,116 |
#898A74 |
| 緑青 |
Rokushō |
64,122,82 |
#407A52 |
木賊色 |
Tokusa-iro |
61,93,66 |
#3D5D42 |
| 御納戸茶 |
Onandocha |
61,64,53 |
#3D4035 |
青竹色 |
Aotake-iro |
0,100,66 |
#006442 |
| 利休鼠 |
Rikyūnezumi |
101,98,85 |
#656255 |
びろうど |
Birōdo |
34,70,52 |
#224634 |
| 虫襖 |
Mushiao |
45,68,54 |
#2D4436 |
藍海松茶 |
Aimirucha |
46,55,46 |
#2E372E |
| 沈香茶 |
Tonocha |
90,100,87 |
#5A6457 |
水浅葱 |
Mizuasagi |
116,159,141 |
#749F8D |
| 青磁色 |
Seiji-iro |
129,156,139 |
#819C8B |
青碧 |
Seiheki |
58,105,96 |
#3A6960 |
| 錆鉄御納戸 |
Sabitetsuonando |
58,64,59 |
#3A403B |
鉄色 |
Tetsu-iro |
43,55,51 |
#2B3733 |
| 御召茶 |
Omeshicha |
53,78,75 |
#354E4B |
高麗納戸 |
Kōrainando |
32,56,56 |
#203838 |
[edit] Blue/Blue Violet Series
| Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
| 湊鼠 |
Minatonezumi |
117,125,117 |
#757D75 |
青鈍 |
Aonibi |
79,73,68 |
#4F4944 |
| 鉄御納戸 |
Testuonando |
43,55,54 |
#2B3736 |
水色 |
Mizu-iro |
134,171,165 |
#86ABA5 |
| 錆浅葱 |
Sabiasagi |
106,127,122 |
#6A7F7A |
瓶覗 |
Kamenozoki |
198,194,182 |
#C6C2B6 |
| 浅葱色 |
Asagi-iro |
72,146,155 |
#48929B |
新橋色 |
Shinbashi-iro |
0,108,127 |
#006C7F |
| 錆御納戸 |
Sabionando |
69,88,89 |
#455859 |
藍鼠 |
Ainezumi |
92,84,78 |
#5C544E |
| 藍色 |
Ai-iro |
38,67,72 |
#264348 |
御納戸色 |
Onando-iro |
54,65,65 |
#364141 |
| 花浅葱 |
Hana'asagi |
29,105,124 |
#1D697C |
千草色 |
Chigusa-iro |
49,117,137 |
#317589 |
| 舛花色 |
Masuhana-iro |
77,100,108 |
#4D646C |
縹 |
Hanada |
4,79,103 |
#044F67 |
| 熨斗目花色 |
Noshimehana-iro |
52,77,86 |
#344D56 |
御召御納戸 |
Omeshionando |
61,76,81 |
#3D4C51 |
| 空色 |
Sora-iro |
77,143,172 |
#4D8FAC |
黒橡 |
Kurotsurubami |
37,35,33 |
#252321 |
| 群青色 |
Gunjō-iro |
93,140,174 |
#5D8CAE |
紺 |
Kon |
25,34,54 |
#192236 |
| 褐色 |
Kachi-iro |
24,27,38 |
#181B26 |
瑠璃色 |
Ruri-iro |
31,71,136 |
#1F4788 |
| 紺青色 |
Konjō-iro |
0,49,113 |
#003171 |
瑠璃紺 |
Rurikon |
27,41,75 |
#1B294B |
| 紅碧 |
Benimidori |
120,119,155 |
#78779B |
紺桔梗 |
Konkikyō |
25,31,69 |
#191F45 |
| 藤鼠 |
Fujinezumi |
118,105,128 |
#766980 |
紅掛花色 |
Benikakehana-iro |
90,79,116 |
#5A4F74 |
| 藤色 |
Fuji-iro |
137,114,158 |
#89729E |
二藍 |
Futaai |
97,78,110 |
#614E6E |
[edit] Violet Series
| Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
| 藤紫 |
Fujimurasaki |
135,95,154 |
#875F9A |
桔梗色 |
Kikyō-iro |
93,63,106 |
#5D3F6A |
| 紫苑色 |
Shion-iro |
151,110,154 |
#976E9A |
滅紫 |
Metsushi |
63,49,58 |
#3F313A |
| 紫紺 |
Shikon |
43,32,40 |
#2B2028 |
深紫 |
Kokimurasaki |
58,36,59 |
#3A243B |
| 薄色 |
Usu-iro |
168,124,160 |
#A87CA0 |
半色 |
Hashita-iro |
141,96,140 |
#8D608C |
| 菫色 |
Sumire-iro |
91,50,86 |
#5B3256 |
紫 |
Murasaki |
79,40,75 |
#4F284B |
| 黒紅 |
Kurobeni |
35,25,30 |
#23191E |
菖蒲色 |
Ayame-iro |
118,53,104 |
#763568 |
| 紅藤 |
Benifuji |
187,119,150 |
#BB7796 |
杜若 |
Kakitsubata |
73,30,60 |
#491E3C |
| 鳩羽鼠 |
Hatobanezumi |
117,93,91 |
#755D5B |
葡萄鼠 |
Budōnezumi |
99,66,75 |
#63424B |
| 蒲萄 |
Ebizome |
109,43,80 |
#6D2B50 |
藤煤竹 |
Fujisusutake |
77,59,60 |
#4D3B3C |
| 牡丹 |
Bōtan |
164,52,93 |
#A4345D |
梅紫 |
Umemurasaki |
143,65,85 |
#8F4155 |
| 似せ紫 |
Nisemurasaki |
67,36,42 |
#43242A |
紫鳶 |
Murasakitobi |
81,44,49 |
#512C31 |
| 蘇芳 |
Suō |
126,38,57 |
#7E2639 |
桑染 |
Kuwazome |
89,41,44 |
#59292C |
| 紅消鼠 |
Benikeshinezumi |
68,49,46 |
#44312E |
|
|
|
|
[edit] Achromatic Series
| Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
Name |
Romanized |
RGB |
Hex triplet |
| 白練 |
Shironeri |
255,221,202 |
#FFDDCA |
白鼠 |
Shironezumi |
185,161,147 |
#B9A193 |
| 銀鼠 |
Ginnezumi |
151,134,124 |
#97867C |
素鼠 |
Sunezumi |
110,95,87 |
#6E5F57 |
| 丼鼠 |
Dobunezumi |
75,60,57 |
#4B3C39 |
藍墨茶 |
Aisumicha |
57,52,50 |
#393432 |
| 檳榔子染 |
Binrōjizome |
53,41,37 |
#352925 |
墨色 |
Sumi-iro |
39,34,31 |
#27221F |
| 黒色 |
Kokushoku |
23,20,18 |
#171412 |
|
|
|
|
[edit] References
- Nagasaki, Seiki. Nihon no dentoshoku : sono shikimei to shikicho, Seigensha, 2001. ISBN 4-916094-53-0
- Nihon Shikisai Gakkai. Shinpen shikisai kagaku handobukku, Tokyo Daigaku Shuppankai, 1985. ISBN 4-13-061000-7
