Portal:Transylvania
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Transylvania (Romanian: Ardeal or Transilvania; Hungarian: Erdély; German: Siebenbürgen (help·info); Latin: Transsilvania. In other languages: Polish: Siedmiogród; Bulgarian: Седмоградско; Ардял; Трансилвания; Serbian: Трансилванија / Transilvanija or Ердељ / Erdelj; Turkish: Erdel) is a historical region in central Romania. In its early history, the territory of present-day Transylvania belonged to Dacia, the Roman Empire, the Hun Empire, the Gepid Kingdom[1] and the Bulgarian Empire[2]. As a political entity, Transylvania is mentioned from the 11th century (after the Hungarian conquest) as a voivodeship, part of the Kingdom of Hungary. It then successively became an autonomous principality under Ottoman suzerainty in 1571, a part of the Habsburg Monarchy in 1711, again a part of the Kingdom of Hungary (within the newly established Austria-Hungary) in 1867, and a part of the Kingdom of Romania after World War I. Transylvania's main city, Cluj-Napoca, is today considered to be the region's capital, although Transylvania was also ruled from Alba Iulia during its vassalage to the Ottoman Empire, and from Sibiu, where the Habsburg governor was located from 1711 until 1848. The seat of the Transylvanian Diet was itself moved to Sibiu for some time in the 19th century.
Partium or Részek is the name given in Latin and Hungarian to the region located to the north and west of Transylvania.
In 1526, after the Battle of Mohács, the Kingdom of Hungary was overrun by the Ottomans, but effectively split into 3 parts in 1541 when the Ottomans captured Buda. The Habsburgs got a foothold in the north and west (Royal Hungary), with the new capital Bratislava. King John I of Hungary from the Zápolya house, the former voivode of Transylvania and the wealtiest and the most powerful landlord after Mohacs, secured the eastern part of the Kingdom (referred as Eastern Hungarian Kingdom by Hungarian scholars) with the help of the Ottomans. On 29 February 1528, the sultan assented to an alliance with Zapolya and gave written assurance of his support. More . . .
János Szapolyai or János Zápolya (Croatian: Ivan Zapolja) (2 February 1487 – July 22, 1540) was King of Hungary, he had a dispute with Archduke Ferdinand I, who also claimed the title King of Hungary between 1526 and 1540. He was also voivode of Transylvania. More . . .
A group of businessmen and politicians from the Italian region of Trento have expressed their interest in investing up to €700 million in Cluj county, Romania, for tourism development. Marius Nicoară, the president of Cluj County Council stated that the council would be interested in collaborating with the Italian investors for the development of mountain roads and ski resorts in the area. Cluj county, which is located in the centre of Transylvania, is one of the most mountainous areas of the country, receiving tourists mainly for winter sports, such a skiing, and agritourism. The county's capital, Cluj-Napoca, is one of the largest cities in Romania. Full story
Transylvania was first referred to in a Medieval Latin document in 1075 as Ultra silvam, meaning "beyond the forest".
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