Toronto Pearson International Airport

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Toronto Pearson International Airport Toronto/Lester B. Pearson International Airport Pearson Airport
IATA: YYZ – ICAO: CYYZ
Summary
Airport type		Public
Owner		Transport Canada[1]
Operator		Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA)
Serves		Toronto, Ontario
Location		Mississauga, Ontario
Elevation AMSL		569 ft / 173 m
Coordinates		43°40′38″N 079°37′50″W / 43.67722, -79.63056
Website		www.gtaa.com
Runways
Direction	Length		Surface
	ft	m
05/23	11,120	3,389	Asphalt/Concrete
15L/33R	11,050	3,368	Asphalt
06L/24R	9,697	2,956	Asphalt
15R/33L	9,088	2,770	Asphalt
06R/24L	9,000	2,743	Asphalt
Statistics (2007)
Number of Passengers			31,507,349
Aircraft Movements			424,699
Source: Canada Flight Supplement[2] Aircraft statistics from Transport Canada.[3] Passengers from GTAA[4]

Toronto Pearson International Airport, or Pearson Airport (IATA: YYZ, ICAO: CYYZ), located 27 kilometres (17 mi) west of downtown Toronto by road, in Mississauga, Ontario, is Canada's busiest airport^[3] and part of the National Airports System.^[5]

In 2006 the airport was ranked 29th among the world's busiest airports, handling 30.9 million passengers^[4] and in 2007 the 21th busiest airport for aircraft movements with 425,513.^[6] 505,000 tonnes of cargo also moved through the airport in 2006. The airport, serving the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), is the primary hub for Air Canada, as well as a major hub for WestJet, second only to Calgary. Formerly run by Transport Canada, Toronto Pearson International Airport is now run by a non-profit agency, the Greater Toronto Airports Authority through a 60-year lease with Transport Canada.

Contents 1 History 1.1 Airport development program 1.1.1 Terminal development 1.1.2 Airside and infield development 2 Transportation to and from Pearson 2.1 Car 2.2 Bus 2.3 Toronto Airport Express 2.4 Taxis/Limousines 2.5 Blue22 dedicated rail link 3 Terminals and airlines 3.1 LINK Train 3.2 Current terminals 3.2.1 Terminal 1 3.2.2 Infield Terminal (IFT) 3.2.3 East Holdroom 3.2.4 Terminal 3 3.3 Former terminals 3.3.1 Malton Airport Terminal 3.3.2 Terminal 1 (Original) 3.3.3 Terminal 2 3.3.4 Terminal 3 4 Support 5 Cargo and Business Aviation 6 North Business Aviation Area 7 Other tenants 8 Accidents and incidents 8.1 Accidents at the airport 8.2 Accidents and incidents involving aircraft arriving and departing the airport 8.2.1 Famous Visitors 9 See also 10 References 11 External links

[edit] History

Malton Airport was created from farmland (9 properties) bought by the Toronto Harbour Commission in 1937. The early airport was bounded by Derry Road to the north, Airport Road (6th Line to the east), Elmbank Side Road to the south and Torbram Road (5th Line) to the west. The airport first opened in 1939 as Malton Airport, and served as a British Commonwealth Air Training Plan facility during World War II. Further growth saw the expropriation of land to the south of Elmbank Side Road and westwards past Torbram to Dixie Road. The airport eventually lead to the disappearance of the much of the town of Elmbank.

Malton Airport was renamed Toronto International Airport in 1960, and then to Lester B. Pearson International Airport (LBPIA) in 1984 in honour of Lester B. Pearson, Canada's 14th prime minister. On December 2, 1996, operational control of the airport passed from the Government of Canada to the Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA) as part of the National Airports Policy. The full name of the airport, according to the GTAA, is now "Toronto Pearson International Airport" or "Toronto Pearson".

In 1972, the Canadian government expropriated land east of Toronto for a second major airport, Pickering Airport, to relieve congestion at (then) Toronto International. The project was postponed in 1975 due partly to community opposition, but the government of Canada revived the plans in 2001.

After the September 11, 2001 attacks, Toronto Pearson was part of Operation Yellow Ribbon, as it received 19 of the diverted flights that were coming into the United States, even though Transport Canada and NAV CANADA instructed pilots to avoid the airport as a security measure.

In 2006, Toronto Pearson was selected as the "Best Global Airport 2006" by the Institute of Transport Management (ITM).^[7] The ITM is an organization formed in the United Kingdom in 1977 with the express aim of providing further education and information to transport managers.

[edit] Airport development program

On January 30, 2007 the airport development program (ADP) at Toronto Pearson airport was completed. January 29 was the last day of service for Terminal 2, and Pier F of the Terminal 1 opened on January 30 to take its place. The operator of the airport, the GTAA, invested CAN$4.4 billion over the preceding 10 years into the ADP which has focused on terminal development, airside development, infield development, utilities and airport support facilities.

[edit] Terminal development

The main component of the ADP has been terminal development. The ADP has replaced the old terminals 1 and 2 with a larger and more modern new Terminal 1. This terminal, along with Terminal 3 are now the two passenger terminal facilities at Toronto Pearson. Terminal 1 has been constructed in a way that will allow for future expansion. Future projections see Toronto Pearson handling 50 million passengers annually by 2020, and Terminal 1 will be expanded as needed to service the passengers.

[edit] Airside and infield development

In order to ensure that Toronto Pearson is able to accommodate its growing aircraft volume, substantial redevelopment of the airside and infield systems has taken place. Cargo facilities have been centralized and a new runway has been built to increase the number of aircraft that Toronto Pearson can process.

[edit] Transportation to and from Pearson

[edit] Car

The airport is accessible from Highway 427 (just north of the Highway 401 interchange) or from Highway 409, a spur off Highway 401 leading directly into the airport.

[edit] Bus

Bus services connecting Toronto to Pearson Airport include Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) routes, The 192 Airport Rocket route provides all-day accessible express bus service between Kipling Station on the Bloor-Danforth Subway Line and Pearson Airport. The 58A Malton route provides all-day bus service between Lawrence West Station on the Spadina Subway Line and Pearson Airport. This route also continues beyond the airport to Malton. The following two routes are available between the (approximate) hours of 2:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m. daily. The 300A Bloor-Danforth route provides overnight bus service along Danforth Avenue and Bloor Street to Toronto Pearson. The 307 Eglinton West route provides overnight bus service between Yonge Street and Eglinton Avenue and Toronto Pearson. GO Transit operates a semi-express bus from York Mills and Yorkdale stations. In May 2008, GO transit added service from Richmond Hill and Square One to Pearson. There is a privately operated "Airport Express" (Pacific Western) bus serving various major downtown hotels. Mississauga Transit operates the 7 bus from its City Centre Transit Terminal at Square One Shopping Centre, likewise continuing on to Malton.

Can-ar Coach Lines also runs buses to the airport. For more information, see Greyhound Canada's web site.

[edit] Toronto Airport Express

Main article: Pacific Western Transportation

In Toronto, P. W. Transportation operates airport shuttle buses between downtown locations and Pearson Airport under the Toronto Airport Express brand.^[8]

[edit] Taxis/Limousines

Toronto Pearson International Airport has pick-up locations for taxis, limos, out-of-town bus and/or shuttle services, offering transportation to downtown Toronto, cities throughout Ontario, and into Detroit.

[edit] Blue22 dedicated rail link

Main article: Blue22

Although the airport is near an existing railway line, it is not currently served by trains. On November 13, 2003, Union Pearson AirLink Group, a subsidiary of SNC-Lavalin, was selected to finance, design, construct, operate, and maintain a rail link connecting Toronto Pearson with Toronto's Union Station, with a planned travel time of about twenty minutes. The service, to be called Blue22, is expected to eliminate 1.5 million car trips annually. The project, whose cost is estimated at $300-500 million, remains controversial due to opposition from neighbourhoods along the route.

The project will depend on the results of an environmental assessment and decisions from the Government of Canada.

[edit] Terminals and airlines

Toronto Pearson International Airport currently has two operating terminals: Terminal 1 and Terminal 3. T1 opened on April 6, 2004. The old Terminal 1, which closed simultaneously, was demolished to make room for additional gates at Pier E. Pier F at Terminal 1, which has an enlarged end called "Hammerhead F", opened on January 30, 2007 to replace Terminal 2. This pier is for international traffic and adds 7 million passengers per year to the airport's total capacity. By the end of 2008, Terminal 2 will be completely torn down to make way for additional Piers at the new T1. Redevelopment of the airport was a logistical challenge as the existing terminals remained operational throughout construction and demolition.

Toronto Pearson International Airport is one of eight Canadian airports that has United States border preclearance facilities. US Border Pre-clearance is located in both Terminal 1 and Terminal 3.

[edit] LINK Train

LINK Train
Terminal 1 Terminal 3 Viscount

Main article: LINK Train

In July 2006, the automated LINK Train people mover was opened, with two 6-car trains running between Terminals 1 and 3, and a reduced rate and airport staff parking lot on the other side of Airport Road at Viscount Drive.

[edit] Current terminals

[edit] Terminal 1

Terminal 1 is designed to handle domestic, international and transborder flights in one facility. The Terminal features two piers, Pier E with 10 gates and Pier F with 23 gates. Pier E was officially opened on November 1 2005. On January 30, 2007, the new Pier F opened to serve transborder and international flights, it also replaced Terminal 2. There is a Pier G slated to be built in the future.^[9]

The terminal was designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill International Ltd., Adamson Associates Architects, and Moshe Safdie and Associates.

Terminal 1 has 58 gates: 101, 103, 105, 107-112, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 131-145, 151, 153, 155, 157, 160-163, 164A-164B, 165, 166A-166B, 167-172, 174-181, 191, 193.

The following airlines use Terminal 1:

• Air Canada (Antigua, Aruba, Barbados, Beijing, Bermuda, Bogotá, Boston, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza, Calgary, Cancún, Caracas, Cayo Coco, Cayo Largo del Sur, Charlottetown, Chicago-O'Hare, Cozumel, Dallas/Fort Worth, Deer Lake, Denver, Dublin [seasonal], Edmonton, Fort Lauderdale, Fort McMurray, Fort Myers, Frankfurt, Grand Cayman, Halifax, Havana, Holguin, Hong Kong, Houston-Intercontinental, Ixtapa-Zihuatanejo, Kelowna, Kingston, La Romana, Las Vegas, Liberia [seasonal], Lima, London-Heathrow, Los Angeles, Madrid [begins June 15], Manchester (UK) [seasonal], Mexico City, Miami, Montego Bay, Montréal, Munich, Nassau, New York-LaGuardia, Newark, Orlando, Ottawa, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Port of Spain, Providenciales, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Rome-Fiumicino, San Diego, San Francisco, San José (CR), San José del Cabo, San Juan [seasonal], Santiago, São Paulo-Guarulhos, Sarasota/Bradenton [seasonal], Saskatoon, Seattle/Tacoma, Seoul-Incheon, Shanghai-Pudong, St. John's, St. Maarten [seasonal], St. Lucia, Sydney (Australia), Tampa, Tel Aviv, Tokyo-Narita, Vancouver, Varadero, Victoria, Washington-Reagan, West Palm Beach, Winnipeg, Zürich)
  • Air Canada Jazz (Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore/Washington, Charlotte, Charlottetown [seasonal], Chicago-O'Hare, Cleveland, Columbus (OH), Detroit, Fredericton, Harrisburg, Halifax, Hartford/Springfield, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Kingston (ON), London (ON), Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Moncton, Montréal, Nashville, New York-LaGuardia, Newark, North Bay, Ottawa, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Quebec City, Raleigh/Durham, Regina, Richmond (VA), Saint John, Saskatoon, Sault Ste. Marie, St. Louis, Sudbury, Thunder Bay, Timmins, Washington-Reagan, White Plains, Windsor, Winnipeg)
  • Air Canada operated by Air Georgian (Albany, Allentown/Bethlehem/Easton, Dayton [begins July 14], Grand Rapids [begins July 14], Harrisburg, Hartford/Springfield, Kingston (ON), Manchester (NH), Providence, Rochester (NY), Sarnia, White Plains)
• Air China (Beijing) [begins March 2009]^[10]
• Air India (Amritsar, Birmingham (UK), Delhi, Mumbai)
• Air Jamaica (Kingston)
• Alitalia (Rome-Fiumicino)
• Austrian Airlines (Vienna)
• Emirates (Dubai)
• Etihad Airways (Abu Dhabi)
• Icelandair (Reykjavik-Keflavik)
• Jet Airways (Brussels, Chennai, Mumbai, Delhi)
• LOT Polish Airlines (Warsaw)
• Lufthansa (Düsseldorf, Frankfurt)
• Mexicana de Aviación (Mexico City)
• Sunwing Airlines (Acapulco, Barbados, Cancun, Cozumel, Cayo Coco, Camaguey, Fort Lauderdale, Holguin, Huatulco, Ixtapa, Las Vegas [begins September 11], La Romana, Liberia (CR), Manzanillo de Cuba, Montego Bay, Orlando, Panama City, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Santiago de Cuba, Santo Domingo, St. John's, St. Lucia, St. Petersburg/Clearwater, Stephenville, Sydney (NS), Varadero) [all seasonal]
• Turkish Airlines (Istanbul-Atatürk) [Begins 2008]^[11]
• United Airlines (Chicago-O'Hare, San Francisco)
  • United Express operated by Chautauqua Airlines (Washington-Dulles)
  • United Express operated by Shuttle America (Denver, Washington-Dulles)
• US Airways (Charlotte, Las Vegas, Philadelphia, Phoenix)
  • US Airways Express operated by Air Wisconsin (Philadelphia)
  • US Airways Express operated by Republic Airlines (Charlotte)

[edit] Infield Terminal (IFT)

Constructed during 2001/02, and opened on April 6, 2003, the IFT was built to handle traffic displaced during the Terminal 1 development. The IFT has 11 gates (521 to 531), and is currently not in use. It will be reactivated once passenger demand rises to a point where Terminal 1 needs to be expanded again. The GTAA has also discussed using the Infield Terminal for high-security flights, such as flights to the Middle East and India. It is frequently used as a location for film and television shoots.

[edit] East Holdroom

The east holdroom was added in 1990 and originally served as a satellite terminal for Terminal 2, handling mostly short-haul transborder flights for Air Ontario and later, Air Canada Jazz. Although it can only accommodate approximately twelve turbo-prop aircraft, the east holdroom has been designated all of Terminal 2's former gate numbers (200-299) and will remain in operation until further expansion of Terminal 1. The east holdroom was originally accessed by shuttle bus from Terminal 2, but is now accessed by a shuttle bus from Terminal 1 after clearing the US Border Pre-clearance facility.

[edit] Terminal 3

Terminal 3, which opened on Thursday February 21, 1991, was built to offset traffic from the old Terminal 1 and Terminal 2. Terminal 3 was initially advertised as "Trillium Terminal 3" and "The Trillium Terminal". It was built as a private venture and was a state of the art terminal containing, among other things, a US customs pre-clearance facility. A parking garage and a hotel (formerly Swissôtel, now Sheraton) is located across from the terminal. A bridge walkway conveniently connects the terminal to the hotel and parking garage. In 1997 the GTAA purchased Terminal 3, shortly thereafter implementing a C$350 million expansion.^{[citation needed]}

The GTAA Terminal 3 Redevelopment Team (T3RD) was formed to oversee the terminal expansion.^[12] In 2004, the Pier C Expansion opened. In June 2006, the East Processor Extension (EPE) started operations. With a soaring, undulating roofline, the EPE added 40 new check-in counters, new retail space, more secure 'hold-screening' for baggage and a huge picture window offering one of the most convenient apron viewing locations at the airport. Improved Canadian Border services and a more open arrivals hall were included in Phase I of the expansion. Phase II of the EPE has been completed in 2007 and includes larger security screening areas and additional international baggage claim areas. Due for completion by late 2007 is the West Processor Expansion Shell with complete outfitting to be complete by early 2008.^[13]

Terminal 3 has 38 gates: A2-A6, B7-B8, B10-B23, C24-C41

The following airlines use Terminal 3:

• Aeroflot (Moscow-Sheremetyevo)
• Aerosvit Airlines (Kiev-Boryspil)
• Air France (Paris-Charles de Gaulle)
• Air Transat
  • Year round: (Cancún, Cayo Coco, Faro, Fort Lauderdale, Glasgow-International, London-Gatwick, Manchester (UK), Montego Bay, Montréal, Orlando, Porto, Punta Cana)
  • Summer Destinations: (Amsterdam, Athens, Barcelona, Basel/Mulhouse, Birmingham (UK), Brussels, Dublin, Edinburgh, Exeter, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Lisbon, London-Heathrow, Lyon, Madrid, Málaga, Marseilles, Munich, Newcastle, Nice, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Ponta Delgada, Rome-Fiumicino, Shannon, Terceira-Lajes Ab, Vienna) [all seasonal]
  • Winter Destinations: (Acapulco, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, La Romana, Manzanillo, Panama City, Porlamar,Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, St. Maarten, San Andres, San José (CR), San Salvador, Santa Clara, Varadero) [all seasonal]
• American Airlines (Chicago-O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Los Angeles, Miami, New York-LaGuardia)
  • American Eagle (Boston, Chicago-O'Hare, New York-JFK, New York-LaGuardia)
• British Airways (London-Heathrow)
• Caribbean Airlines (Port of Spain, Georgetown)
• CanJet (Fort McMurray, Nassau, St. Petersburg/Clearwater)^[14]
• Cathay Pacific (Hong Kong)
• Continental Airlines (Houston-Intercontinental, Newark)
  • Continental Connection operated by Colgan Air (Newark)
  • Continental Express operated by Chautauqua Airlines (Cleveland)
  • Continental Express operated by ExpressJet Airlines (Cleveland, Houston-Intercontinental, Newark)
• Cubana de Aviación (Cayo Coco, Camaguey, Cienfuegos, Havana, Holguin, Santa Clara, Santiago de Cuba, Varadero)
• Czech Airlines (Prague)
• Delta Air Lines (Atlanta, Salt Lake City)
  • Delta Connection operated by Atlantic Southeast Airlines (Atlanta)
  • Delta Connection operated by Comair (Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, New York-JFK)
• El Al (Tel Aviv)
• Finnair (Helsinki) [seasonal]
• Hainan Airlines (Beijing) [begins October 2008][1]
• Kelowna Flightcraft Air Charter (Kelowna)
• KLM (Amsterdam)
• Korean Air (Seoul-Incheon)
• Malév Hungarian Airlines (Budapest)
• Martinair (Amsterdam) [seasonal]
• Midwest Airlines
  • Midwest Connect operated by SkyWest (Milwaukee)
• Northwest Airlines (Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul)
  • Northwest Airlink operated by Pinnacle Airlines (Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul)
• Olympic Airlines (Athens)
• Pakistan International Airlines (Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore)
• SATA International (Faro, Lisbon, Ponta Delgada, Porto, Terceira)
• Sol Dominicana Airlines (La Romana) [begins late 2008]
• Skyservice
  • Year round Destinations: (Belfast-International, Bridgetown, Holguin, Las Vegas, Montego Bay, Nassau, Oranjestad, Orlando, Port of Spain, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, San Jose Del Cabo, Varadero)
  • Summer Destinations: (Aruba, Barbados, Belgrade, Calgary, Cancun, Cayo Coco, Dublin, Edmonton, Fort Lauderdale, Gander, Kingston, Lajes, Lamezia, Lisbon, Pescara, Ponta Delgada, Porto, Rome-Fiumicino, St. George's, St. Johns, St. Petersburg, Stephenville, Trieste, Vancouver, Varadero, Venice) [all seasonal]
  • Winter Destinations: (Acapulco, Arrecife, Bahias de Huatulco, Belize City, Camaguey, Cancun, Cayo Coco, Cienfuegos, Cozumel, Faro, Fort Lauderdale, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, La Ceiba, La Romana, Liberia (CR), Roatan, Manzanillo, Margarita, Mazatlan, Merida, Miami, Samana, Santa Clara/Cayo Santa Maria, Santiago de Cuba, San Pedro Sula, St. John's, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Petersburg, Willemstad, Zagreb) [all seasonal]
• TACA (San Salvador)
• Thomas Cook Airlines (Glasgow-International, London-Gatwick, Manchester (UK)]) [seasonal]
• Transaero (Moscow-Domodedovo)
• WestJet (Abbotsford, Calgary, Charlottetown, Comox, Deer Lake [seasonal], Edmonton, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Fort McMurray, Halifax, Kelowna, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Moncton, Montego Bay [seasonal], Montréal, Nassau, Orlando, Ottawa, Panama, Puerto Plata [seasonal], Punta Cana [seasonal], Quebec City, Regina, Saint John [seasonal], Saskatoon, St. John's, St. Lucia [seasonal], St. Maarten, Tampa, Thunder Bay, Vancouver, Victoria [seasonal], West Palm Beach [seasonal], Winnipeg)
• Zoom Airlines (Barbados, Belfast-International, Bermuda, Cardiff, Georgetown, Glasgow-International, London-Gatwick, Manchester (UK), Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Port of Spain, Rome-Fiumicino)

[edit] Former terminals

[edit] Malton Airport Terminal

The first airport terminal was built in 1938 by the Toronto Harbour Commission and consisted of a standard frame terminal building from a converted farm house. The original airport covered 420 acres (1.7 km²) with full lighting, radio, weather reporting equipment, two hard surface runways and one grass landing strip.

The airport was sold to the City of Toronto in 1940 and used as a military training airport. In 1942 an air traffic control centre was added to Malton.

A second building, similar to the existing structure at the Toronto City Centre Airport, was built to replace the old terminal in 1949 and was able to handle 400,000 passengers a year. Further additional enlarged the terminal building. It had an observation deck on the roof the building.

Both this building and the original converted farmhouse were located along Airport Road.

The second terminal was demolished in the late 1960s to make way for the old T1 building. In 1958 Transport Canada took control over Toronto Airport from the City.

The runways for Malton consisted of:

• 14-32 - a 11,050 feet (3,370 m) runway used for test flights for the CF-105 Arrow (Avro Arrow) fighter from the Avro Canada plant and now exists only as a taxiway to 05/23
• 14-32 - 11,475 feet (3,498 m) north-south runway - replaced by 15-33R
• 10-28 - 7,425 feet (2,263 m) northwest-southeast runway

[edit] Terminal 1 (Original)

The original T1 (also called Aeroquay One) had a square central structure topped by a parking garage with about eight levels and ringed by a two-storey passenger concourse leading to the gates. It was designed by John B. Parkin and built between 1957 and 1964. Considered state-of-the-art in the 1960s, the terminal was soon overloaded by the early 1970s, resulting in the building of Terminal 2. A tunnel to T2 was located on the southeast side of the terminal. The old T1 has since been demolished to make way for the new T1.

Statistics for old T1:

• Airlines: 10 (1967), 100 (lifetime)
• Passengers per hour: 1400
• Passengers per year: 3.5 million (1967), 10 million (1988-1989)
• Total Passengers (1964-2003): 218 million
• Gates: 24 (LL, JJ, HH, GG, FF, EE, DD, AA, BB, CC)

Airlines that flew out of old T1:

• Lufthansa
• Finnair
• Air Jazz / Air Alliance
• Air Transat
• Northwest Airlines
• US Airlines
• Skyservice
• Trans World Airlines
• Mexicana
• Air Canada
• Canadian Airlines
• Royal Airlines
• BWIA
• TAP Air Portugal
• Delta
• Midwest Airlines
• Olympic Airlines
• Martinair
• Jaro International

[edit] Terminal 2

Designed by John B. Parkin and constructed as a freight terminal in the late 1960s, the failed development of the Pickering Airport forced Pearson Airport to modify its use into a two floor, 26-gate passenger terminal designated Terminal 2; it opened on June 15, 1972. Initially, it was served only by charter airlines, but became the hub for all Air Canada passenger flights on April 29, 1973. A tunnel with moving sidewalks at the northwest corner of Terminal 2 connected it with Terminal 1.

The site of Terminal 2 was to have been the location for the planned Aeroquays Two and Three, duplicates of the design of the original Terminal 1 (Aeroquay One), however their inefficiency in handling wide-body passenger aircraft by the late 1960s forced the airport to abandon the circular terminal concept. Terminal Two was designed for three airlines: American, British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC), and Canadian Pacific Airlines (CP Air). In the later development stages, it became apparent that it would not be viable in this form, the major complaint being the lack of indoor parking and the lack of windows. As AA, BA (formerly BOAC) and CP opted out of T2, Air Canada, as the government airline, was forced to move its operations there against its will. Initially, it was operated as three separate areas, befitting the three airlines for which it was designed: furthest west, (designed for CP) the Domestic zone; at the centre (designed for BA), International; furthest east, (for AA) Transborder. In the late 1970s, T2 was redesigned again; this iteration lasting until the acquisition of Canadian Airlines in 2000. The western zone remained Domestic, but was now colour coded red. In the middle, a separate Rapidair area, was created for YOW (Ottawa) and YUL (Montreal) flights; it was red as well. East of that was the Transborder area, colour white. A new section was added on the east end for International flights and was coded blue. An airside corridor along the southern edge of T2 was added, giving access to and from Customs; this made it possible for aircraft arriving in one zone to depart with passengers from an another zone without regating the aircraft.

Statistics for T2:

• Airlines: United Airlines, Rapidair (Air Canada)
• Passengers per hour: N/A
• Passengers per year: 12 million, 13.6 million (1998)
• Total Passengers: N/A
• Gates: 34

Terminal 2 had a US border preclearance facility and handled both domestic and international transborder traffic to the US from the 1970s to the early 2000s. After T1-New became operational, domestic traffic moved from T2 to that facility, leaving T2 to handle transborder US traffic for Air Canada and their Star Alliance partner United Airlines.

T2 saw its last day in operation as a passenger terminal on January 29, 2007 and the following day airlines moved to the newly completed Pier F at Terminal 1. Terminal 2 will now be demolished from April 2007 to November 2008.^[15]

[edit] Terminal 3

Terminal 3 was the designation for the CP Air hangar at the airport during 1971 to handle the increased volume at Terminal 1.

[edit] Support

• Main Control tower - 200 feet (61 m) was completed in 2000 and replaced the old tower (now demolished).
• Deicing Centre 1998
• Central Heating Plant
• Central Utilities Plant
  • Terminal 3 Switching Station
  • Bramalea Transformer station
• Carlingview Stormwater Control Facility
• Etobicoke Stormwater Management Facility 2000
• Moore Creek Stormwater Control Facility

[edit] Cargo and Business Aviation

There are two main cargo facilities at Pearson^[16]

• Cargo West Facilities - located between runways 15L-33R and 15R-33L are used by:
  • Air Canada Cargo
  • American Airlines
  • Bax Global - shipping and logistics
  • Canada Customs
  • Worldwide Flight Services Incorporated

• Cargo Area 5 or VISTA Cargo Centres Incorporated is located north of Terminal 3 and used by:
  • Air Canada
  • Access Air
  • ACE FReight
  • Air France Cargo
  • Airline Cargo Sales
  • Air Time Express
  • Alitalia
  • All Trade Shipping
  • American Aviation
  • Airport Terminal Services
  • BWIA
  • Canada Customs
  • Canada Post
  • Cargo Sales Resources
  • Cargo Zone
  • CAS Cargo and Travel
  • Cathay Pacific
  • DHL
  • El Al Israeli Airlines
  • DHL Customs Brokerage
  • Eva Air
  • Excel Cargo
  • Exp-Air Cargo
  • Freight Systems Incorporated
  • Handlex Incorporated
  • International Cargo
  • International Fastline Fowarding
  • JAL
  • KLM Cargo
  • Korean Airlines
  • LOT Polish Airlines
  • Lufthansa Cargo
  • Mayfield Cargo
  • Northern Europe-Finnair
  • Northwest Airlines
  • Onward Transportation
  • Orbit Brokers
  • Pine Tree Express
  • Platnium Air Cargo
  • Prestige International
  • Secure Maple Freight
  • Swiss International
  • Swissport Cargo
  • TBI
  • U Freight International
  • UPS and UPS SCS
  • Varig Logistics
  • VCC Cargo Services

Tenants of the cargo area of the north aviation facilities include:

• Shell Aerocentre Hangars and Flight Lounge
• Millardair - defunct
• All Cargo Airlines Limited
• Air 500

FedEx Canada Cargo occupy facilities at west side of airport near runway 05/23.

[edit] North Business Aviation Area

Next to the cargo terminals off Derry Road is refer to as the North Business Aviation Area. It is home to several tenants:

• Skycharter - private charter operator since 1968
• Hydro One (formerly Ontario Hydro) Helicopters - used for repair and maintenance work of hydro towers
• World Aviation Centre - now home to Landmark Aviation

[edit] Other tenants

• Peel Regional Police is the primary general police service at the airport. Airport Division is located on 2951 Convair Drive, on the south side of the airport near the Facilities Building along Highway 401.
• The Royal Canadian Mounted Police maintain a Toronto Airport Detachment to provide federal police services. The Canada Border Services Agency as well as the Canadian Security Intelligence Service maintain extensive operations at the airport.

• The Greater Toronto Airports Authority administration offices are located on the south side of the airport. They were re-located when the original office was torn down to make way for the new Terminal 1's parking facilities.

• Esso Avitat
• Skyservice

[edit] Accidents and incidents

[edit] Accidents at the airport

• The airport's deadliest accident took place on July 5, 1970, when Air Canada Flight 621, a DC-8 jet, was flying on a Montreal-Toronto-Los Angeles route. The spoilers were inadvertently deployed before the plane attempted landing, forcing the pilots to abort landing and takeoff. Damage to the aircraft caused during the failed landing attempt caused the plane to break up in the air during the go-around, killing all 100 passengers and nine crew on board when it crashed in a field southwest of Bolton. Controversy remains over the cleanup effort following the crash, as both plane wreckage debris and human remains from the crash are still found on the site.^[17]
• On June 26, 1978, Air Canada Flight 189 to Winnipeg overran the runway during an aborted takeoff, and crashed into the Etobicoke Creek ravine. Two of 107 passengers on board the DC-9 were killed.
• On August 2, 2005, Air France Flight 358, an Airbus A340-300 inbound from Paris, appeared to successfully land on runway 24L in a severe thunderstorm, but then failed to stop and ran off the runway into the Etobicoke Creek ravine. The rear third of the plane burst into flames. The flames had engulfed the whole plane by 18:00 except the cockpit and the wings. There were 43 injuries, none serious, and no fatalities. Many consider the accident's outcome – the aircraft's destruction without any fatalities – an example of improving safety standards and excellent response by the flight crew as well as airport fire and rescue personnel.^[18] Among other causes, the Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSBC) report indicated that the weather had contributed to the accident in several ways, and the crew had prematurely rejected a go-around. ^[19]

[edit] Accidents and incidents involving aircraft arriving and departing the airport

• 1983: Air Canada Flight 797, on a Dallas-Toronto-Montreal route, had an in-flight fire and landed in Cincinnati; half of the occupants died.
• 1985: A bomb was loaded onto Air India Flight 181, which departed from Toronto and arrived at Montreal. Air India Flight 182, using the same aircraft and carrying passengers who were on 181, was scheduled to fly a Montreal-London-Delhi-Mumbai route. The aircraft exploded over the Atlantic Ocean, killing all of the passengers and crew.
• 2008: Air Canada Flight 190, flying from Victoria to Toronto experienced severe turbulence over the Rocky Mountains and was forced to make an emergency landing in Calgary, injuring up to 10 passengers.

[edit] Famous Visitors

• In 1969, American guitarist Jimi Hendrix was arrested at the airport for possession of hashish and heroin. Hendrix was acquitted after he argued in his trial defense that without him knowing, a fan slipped it into his bag.
• In 1977, a photograph focusing on the original Terminal 1, entitled "Toronto (Airport)" by George Hunter, was one of 116 images included on the golden record of the two Voyager spacecraft.^[20]
• In 1981, the Canadian rock group Rush recorded the Grammy Award Nominated instrumental titled YYZ in tribute to the airport. The song opens with the Morse code for the VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) located at the airport and features sonically the atmosphere of travel at Toronto Pearson. From the hustle and bustle of people moving, airplanes taking off, waiting for arrivals and takeoffs, the frantic pace of missing a flight and the eventual landing at the destination, etc. is all captured in the song according to drummer Neil Peart.
• In 1987, the British Rock group Pink Floyd performed their rehearsals for the "A Momentary Lapse of Reason" World Tour in one of the Air Canada hangars at the airport.
• In 1994, the TVOntario (TVO) children's show called Mighty Machines filmed one of their first episodes (Mighty Machines at the Airport) at Terminal 3. Canadian Airlines was the featured airline.
• The Air France Flight 358 crash on August 2, 2005 was dramatized on the television show Mayday, without the involvement of either Air France or the GTAA.
• The music video for Celine Dion's 2004 radio hit "You and I" was filmed partly at Toronto Pearson International Airport. This song was part of Air Canada's marketing campaign at the time.

[edit] See also

• CFBN (AM) (CFYZ), the former radio station which broadcast travel and flight schedule information from the airport on 1280AM
• Greater Toronto Airport Authority Fire and Emergency Services

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Toronto Pearson International Airport - Greater Toronto Airports Authority
• Past three hours METARs, SPECI and current TAFs for Toronto Pearson International Airport from NAV CANADA as available.

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