TOP2A
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Topoisomerase (DNA) II alpha 170kDa, also known as TOP2A, is a human gene.
This gene encodes a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during transcription. This nuclear enzyme is involved in processes such as chromosome condensation, chromatid separation, and the relief of torsional stress that occurs during DNA transcription and replication. It catalyzes the transient breaking and rejoining of two strands of duplex DNA which allows the strands to pass through one another, thus altering the topology of DNA. Two forms of this enzyme exist as likely products of a gene duplication event. The gene encoding this form, alpha, is localized to chromsome 17 and the beta gene is localized to chromosome 3. The gene encoding this enzyme functions as the target for several anticancer agents and a variety of mutations in this gene have been associated with the development of drug resistance. Reduced activity of this enzyme may also play a role in ataxia-telangiectasia.[1]
[edit] References
[edit] Further reading
- Watt PM, Hickson ID (1994). "Structure and function of type II DNA topoisomerases.". Biochem. J. 303 ( Pt 3): 681–95. PMID 7980433.
- Bronner C, Hopfner R, Mousli M (2002). "Transcriptional regulation of the human topoisomerase IIalpha gene.". Anticancer Res. 22 (2A): 605–12. PMID 12014628.
- Järvinen TA, Liu ET (2004). "Topoisomerase IIalpha gene (TOP2A) amplification and deletion in cancer--more common than anticipated.". Cytopathology 14 (6): 309–13. PMID 14632727.
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