Tip speed ratio

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The tip speed ratio λ (lambda) or TSR for wind turbines is the ratio between the rotational speed of the tip of a blade and the actual velocity of the wind. If the velocity of the tip is exactly the same as the wind speed the tip speed ratio is 1. A higher tip speed ratio generally indicates a higher efficiency but is also related to higher noise levels and a need for heavier, stronger blades.


\mbox{Tip speed ratio} = \frac{\mbox{Tip speed of blade}}{\mbox{Wind speed}}


It has been shown empirically that the optimum tip speed ratio for maximum power output occurs at

\lambda_\mbox{max power} = \frac{4\pi}{n}

where n is the number of blades.

speed ratio= relationship between the speed of rotation of a smaller gear to larger.

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