User:Timothy Perper/SandboxGekiga

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Gekiga (Level 1 Header)

Gekiga literally means "drama pictures" and refers to a form of aesthetic realism in manga.[1][2] Gekiga style drawing is emotionally dark, often starkly realistic, sometimes very violent, and focuses on the day-in, day-out grim realities of life, often drawn in gritty and unpretty fashions.[1][3] Gekiga arose in the late 1950s and 1960s partly from left-wing student and working class political activism[1][4] and partly from the aesthetic dissatisfaction of young manga artists like Tatsumi Yoshihiro with existing manga.[5][6] Examples include Sampei Shirato 's 1959-1962 Chronicles of a Ninja's Military Accomplishments (Ninja Bugeichō), the story of Kagemaru, the leader of a peasant rebellion in the 1500s, which dealt directly with oppression and class struggle,[7] and Hiroshi Hirata's Satsuma Gishiden, about uprisings against the Tokugawa shogunate.[8]


As the social protest of these early years waned, gekiga shifted in meaning towards socially conscious, mature drama and towards the avant-garde.[2][6][9] Examples include Koike and Kojima's Lone Wolf and Cub[10] and Akira, an apocalyptic tale of motorcycle gangs, street war, and inexplicable transformations of the children of a future Tokyo.[11] Another example is Osamu Tezuka's 1976 manga MW, a bitter story of the aftermath of the storage and possibly deliberate release of poison gas by US armed forces based in Okinawa years after World War II.[12] Gekiga and the social consciousness it embodies remain alive in modern-day manga. An example is Ikebukuro West Gate Park from 2001 by Ira Ishida and Sena Aritou, a story of street thugs, rape, and vengeance set on the social margins of the wealthy Ikebukuro district of Tokyo.[13]


References

  1. ^ a b c Schodt, 1986, op. cit., pp. 68-73.
  2. ^ a b Gravett, 2004, op.cit., pp. 38-42.
  3. ^ Paul Gravett. (No Date.) GEKIGA: THE FLIPSIDE OF MANGA. http://www.paulgravett.com/articles/058_gekiga/058_gekiga.htm Accessed 2007-20-12.
  4. ^ Shimizu Isao. 2001. "Red Comic Books: The Origins of Modern Japanese Manga." In John A. Lent, editor. Illustrating Asia: Comics, Humor Magazines, and Picture Books. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. pp. 137-150.
  5. ^ Isao, 2001. op. cit. p. 147-149.
  6. ^ a b Irma Nunez. 2006. "Alternative Comics Heroes: Tracing the Genealogy of Gekiga." The Japan Times, September 24, 2006. http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fb20060924a1.html Accessed 2007-12-19.
  7. ^ Schodt, 1986, op. cit., pp. 70-71.
  8. ^ Dark Horse translation: http://www.darkhorse.com/search/search.php?frompage=userinput&sstring=Hirata&x=11&y=9 Accessed 2007-12-19.
  9. ^ Udagawa Takeo. 2007. "Home Manga Zombie: Manga Zombie - Preface." http://comipress.com/special/manga-zombie/manga-zombie-preface Accessed 2007-12-19
  10. ^ Schodt, 1986, op. cit., p. 72.
  11. ^ Jennifer Weiss. 2007. "The Manga Graphic Novel: A Primer." http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/427650/the_manga_graphic_novel_a_primer.html Accessed 2007-12-20
  12. ^ Tom Flinn. 2008. "MW." ICv2 #50, pp. 17-18.
  13. ^ Pfaender, Fabien. (No Date.) IWGP, t.1. http://www.planetebd.com/BD/IWGP-1701.html Accessed 2007-12-20.

[edit] Comments

(TP) Check the IWGP wikilink. Done

For Tennouji:

http://www.amazon.co.jp/s/ref=nb_ss_b?__mk_ja_JP=%83J%83%5E%83J%83i&url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=Rape+%2B+2&Go.x=10&Go.y=8&Go=Go

Accessed 2007-12-19. (checked -- it's OK.)

TENNOUJI Kitsune Rape + 2πr: Gekitouhen. [Rape + 2πr: Violent Fight Book.] France Shoin/X Comics. One Volume. NTankobon = 1. ISBN 4-8296-7716-3 (Title is in English in Japanese edition.)

TENNOUJI Kitsune Rape + 2πr: Shippuuhen. [Rape + 2πr: Strong Gale Book.] France Shoin/X Comics. One Volume. NTankobon = 1. ISBN 4-8296-7735-X (Title is in English in Japanese edition.)

(TP) I wanted to include Rape + 2πr because it is a really nasty story of high school life in Tokyo -- the title refers to the curriculum: rape plus geometry as student gangs try to kill each other and rape each other's girl friends, who try to off the boys... but I have not been able to find any references at all, so I am reluctantly not including it.
(TP) I had fun with the last reference, to IWGP. The reference is to a French website, which calls IWGP gekiga -- leave it to the French to get it right about this kind of thing (a propos of our comments about the reception of manga in France).
Is that frech site reliable? I can't read french. - Peregrine Fisher (talk) 20:42, 20 December 2007 (UTC)

I think so. Let's leave it and see what happens. Timothy Perper (talk) 02:14, 21 December 2007 (UTC)