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[edit] 15th Century (1401–1500) (803 AH – 906 AH)
[edit] 1400–1409
- 1400: In the Burji Mamluks Empire, the Mamluks lost Syria which was occupied by Timur the Lame.
- 1401: In the Golden Horde Empire, death of Timur Qutlugh, the ruler, installed by Timur the Lame. Accession of Shadi Beg.
- 1402: In the Ottoman Empire, defeat of Beyazid I at the Battle of Ankara, taken captive by Timur the Lame.
- 1403: In the Ottoman Empire, an Interregnum period starts with sons of Beyazid I Isa, Musa, Suleyman, Mehmed fighting among themselves for the Ottoman throne.
- 1405: In the Timurid Empire, Timur the Lame died and was succeeded by his son Shah Rukh.
- 1407: In the Golden Horde Empire, Shadi Beg was deposed, Pulad Khan was installed by the king maker Edigu.
[edit] 1410–1419
- 1410: In the Golden Horde Empire, Pulad Khan was deposed, Timur was installed.
- 1412: In the Golden Horde Empire, Timur was deposed, Jalal ad-Din khan was installed. In the Burji Mamluks Empire, Nasiruddin Faraj died and was succeeded by Al Muayyad.
- 1413: In the Golden Horde Empire, Jalal ad-Din khan was deposed, Karim Berdi was installed. In Ottoman Empire end of Interregnum and single rule by Mehmed I begins after the defeats of all his brothers.
- 1414: In the Golden Horde Empire, Karim Berdi was deposed, Kebek Khan was installed.
- 1416: In the Golden Horde Empire, Kebek Khan was deposed, Jahar Balrawi was installed. Jahar Balrawi was deposed, Chaighray was installed.
- 1419: In the Golden Horde Empire, Edigu died then Chaighray was overthrown, Olug Moxammat took power.
[edit] 1420–1429
- 1420: In the Golden Horde Empire, Olug Moxammat was overthrown by Daulat Bairawi. Turkomans of the Black Sheep Empire, death of Qara Yusuf; succession of his son Qara Iskandar. In Morocco, assassination of Abu Said Othman; succession of his infant son Abdul Haq.
- 1421: In the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed I died; accession of his son Murad II. In the Burji Mamluks Empire, Al Muayyad died, succession of Muzaffar Ahmad. Muzaffar Ahmad was overthrown by Amir Saifuddin Tata, Saifuddin Tata died, succession of his son Muhammad. Muhammad was overthrown by Amir Barsbay.
- 1424: In the Golden Horde Empire, Daulat Bairawi died, succession of Berk. The Hafsida of Tunisia occupied Algeria. This state of affairs continued throughout the fifteenth century.
- 1425: In the Uzbeks Empire, Abul Khayr, a prince of the house of Uzbeg declared his independence in the western part of Siberia.
- 1427: In the Golden Horde Empire, Berk was overthrown by Olug Moxammat who took power for the second time.
[edit] 1430–1440
- 1430: In the Uzbeks Empire, Abul Khayr occupied Khwarezmia.
- 1434: Turkomans of the Black Sheep Empire, Qara Iskandar was deposed; his brother Jahan Shah was installed. Turkomans of the White Sheep Empire, death of Kara Osman, succession of his son Ali Beg. In Tunisia, Abul Faris died after a rule of forty years, succession of his son Abu Abdullah Muhammad.
- 1435: In Tunisia, Abu Abdullah Muhammad was deposed, Abu Umar Othman took power.
- 1438: In the Burji Mamluks Empire, Barsbay died, accession of his minor son Jamaluddin Yusuf; Yusuf was overthrown and the Chief Minister Saifuddin Gakmuk took power. Turkomans of the White Sheep Empire, Ali Beg was overthrown by his brother Hamza.
- 1439: In the Golden Horde Empire, Olug Moxammat withdrew from Sarai and founded the principality of Qazan. Said Ahmad I came to power in Sarai.
[edit] 1440–1449
[edit] 1450–1459
[edit] 1460–1469
- 1461: In the Ottoman Empire, annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the Burji Mamluks Empire, Saifuddin Inal died and was succeeded by his son Shahabuddin Ahmad. Shahabuddin Ahmad was overthrown by the Mamluk general Saifuddin Khushqadam.
- 1462: In the Ottoman Empire, Annexation of Albania.
- 1465: In the Golden Horde Empire, Said Ahmad I died and was succeeded by his son Akhmat Khan. In Morocco, assassination of Abdul Haq. End of the Marinid rule. Sharif Muhammad al Jati took power.
- 1467: Turkomans of the Black Sheep Empire, Jahan Shah died, end of the rule of the Black Sheep Turkoman rule. Turkomans of the White Sheep Empire, Jahan Shah of the Black Sheep attacked the White Sheep. Jahan Shah was defeated and the Black Sheep territories annexed by the White Sheep. In the Burji Mamluks Empire, Khushqadam died, accession of his son Saifuddin Yel Bey. Yel Bey was deposed, the Mamluk general Temur Bugha took power.
- 1468: In the Uzbeks Empire, Abul Khayr died and was succeeded by his son Haidar Sultan. Turkomans of the White Sheep Empire, Uzun Hassan defeated the Timurids at the Battle of Qarabagh whereby the White Sheep became the masters of Persia and Khorasan. In the Burji Mamluks Empire, Temur Bugha was deposed, the Mamluk general Qaitbay took power.
- 1469: In the Timurid Empire, Abu Sa'id died, disintegration of the Timurid state. In Khorasan, Husayn Bayqarah came to power and he ruled during the remaining years of the fifteenth century.
[edit] 1470–1479
[edit] 1480–1489
- 1480: In the Golden Horde Empire, assassination of Akhmat Khan, succession of his son Said Ahmad II.
- 1481: In the Golden Horde Empire, Said Ahmad I1 was overthrown by his brother Murtada. In the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed II died, accession of Beyazid II. His brother Cem Sultan rebels.
- 1488: In the Uzbeks Empire, Haider Sultan died and was succeeded by his nephew Shaybani Khan. In Tunisia, Abu Umar Othman died after a rule of 52 years and was succeeded by Abu Zikriya Yahya.
- 1489: In Tunisia, Abu Zikriya Yahya was overthrown by Abul Mumin.
[edit] 1490–1500
- 1490: In Tunisia, Abul Mumin was overthrown, Abu Zikriya Yahya took power again.
- 1492: Granada, the last Muslim stronghold in Spain, falls to the Castilans, ending over 800 years of Muslim rule in Spain.
- 1493: Turkomans of the White Sheep Empire, Yaqub died, accession of his son Bayangir.
- 1495: Turkomans of the White Sheep Empire, Bayangir was overthrown by his cousin Rustam.
- 1496: In the Burji Mamluks Empire, Qaitbay abdicated and was succeeded by his son Nasir Muhammad.
- 1497: Turkomans of the White Sheep Empire, Rustam was overthrown by Ahmad. Anarchy and fragmentation followed.
- 1498: In the Burji Mamluks Empire, Nasir Muhammad was deposed, Zahir Kanauh took power.
- 1499: In the Uzbeks Empire, Shayhani Khan conquered Transoxiana. In the Golden Horde Empire, Murtada died and was succeeded by Said Ahmad III. In the Ottoman Empire, the Ottoman fleet defeated the Venetians in the Battle of Lepanto.
- 1500: In the Burji Mamluks empire, Zahir Kanauh overthrown by Ashraf Gan Balat. By the end of this century, global Muslim population had grown to 9 per cent of the total.
[edit] See also
Timeline of Muslim history
