Thyroxine
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| Thyroxine | |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [7488-70-2] |
| PubChem | |
| MeSH | |
| SMILES | NC(Cc1cc(I)c(Oc2cc(I)c(O) c(I)c2)c(I)c1)C(O)=O |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C15H11I4NO4 |
| Molar mass | 776.87 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Thyroxine, or 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine (often abbreviated as T4), a form of thyroid hormones is the major hormone secreted by the follicular cells of the thyroid gland.
T4 is transported in blood, with 99.95% of the secreted T4 being protein bound, principally to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), and, to a lesser extent, to transthyretin and serum albumin. T4 is involved in controlling the rate of metabolic processes in the body and influencing physical development.
Note: Thyroxine is a prohormone and a reservoir for the active thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3). T4 is converted in the tissues by deiodinases to T3. The "D" isomer is called "Dextrothyroxine"[1] and is used as a lipid modifying agent.[2] The half-life of thyroxine once released into the blood circulatory system is about 1 week.
The hormone was synthesised in 1927 by British chemists Charles Robert Harington and George Barger.
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