Thromboxane receptor

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Thromboxane A2 receptor
Identifiers
Symbol(s) TBXA2R; TXA2-R
External IDs OMIM: 188070 MGI: 98496 HomoloGene: 825
RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data
Orthologs
Human Mouse
Entrez 6915 21390
Ensembl ENSG00000006638 ENSMUSG00000034881
Uniprot P21731 Q5FW61
Refseq NM_001060 (mRNA)
NP_001051 (protein)		 NM_009325 (mRNA)
NP_033351 (protein)
Location Chr 19: 3.55 - 3.56 Mb Chr 10: 80.73 - 80.74 Mb
Pubmed search [1] [2]

The thromboxane receptor is a protein on the surface of cells in the endothelium of blood vessels and in the placenta which interacts with the eicosanoid lipid thromboxane. It is a G-protein coupled receptors coupled to the G protein Gq.[1]

Contents

[edit] Gene

The gene responsible for the thromboxane receptor, TBXA2R is found on chromosome 19 and spans 15 kilobases. Thromboxane is a potent stimulator for platelet aggregation and clot formation and also plays a role in vascular tone. The thromboxane receptor is a member of the family of G protein-coupled receptors. Mutation of the receptor can lead to a bleeding disorder.

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Abe T, Takeuchi K, Takahashi N, Tsutsumi E, Taniyama Y, Abe K (1995). "Rat kidney thromboxane receptor: molecular cloning, signal transduction, and intrarenal expression localization". J. Clin. Invest. 96 (2): 657–64. PMID 7635958. 

[edit] Further reading

  • Namba T, Narumiya S (1993). "[Thromboxane A2 receptor; structure, function and tissue distribution]". Nippon Rinsho 51 (1): 233–40. PMID 8433523. 
  • Murugappan S, Shankar H, Kunapuli SP (2005). "Platelet receptors for adenine nucleotides and thromboxane A2.". Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 30 (4): 411–8. doi:10.1055/s-2004-833476. PMID 15354262. 
  • Hirata M, Hayashi Y, Ushikubi F, et al. (1991). "Cloning and expression of cDNA for a human thromboxane A2 receptor.". Nature 349 (6310): 617–20. doi:10.1038/349617a0. PMID 1825698. 
  • Raychowdhury MK, Yukawa M, Collins LJ, et al. (1995). "Alternative splicing produces a divergent cytoplasmic tail in the human endothelial thromboxane A2 receptor.". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (12): 7011. PMID 7896853. 
  • Hirata T, Kakizuka A, Ushikubi F, et al. (1994). "Arg60 to Leu mutation of the human thromboxane A2 receptor in a dominantly inherited bleeding disorder.". J. Clin. Invest. 94 (4): 1662–7. PMID 7929844. 
  • D'Angelo DD, Davis MG, Ali S, Dorn GW (1994). "Cloning and pharmacologic characterization of a thromboxane A2 receptor from K562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia) cells.". J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 271 (2): 1034–41. PMID 7965765. 
  • Raychowdhury MK, Yukawa M, Collins LJ, et al. (1994). "Alternative splicing produces a divergent cytoplasmic tail in the human endothelial thromboxane A2 receptor.". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (30): 19256–61. PMID 8034687. 
  • Borg C, Lim CT, Yeomans DC, et al. (1994). "Purification of rat brain, rabbit aorta, and human platelet thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptors by immunoaffinity chromatography employing anti-peptide and anti-receptor antibodies.". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (8): 6109–16. PMID 8119956. 
  • Nüsing RM, Hirata M, Kakizuka A, et al. (1993). "Characterization and chromosomal mapping of the human thromboxane A2 receptor gene.". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (33): 25253–9. PMID 8227091. 
  • Funk CD, Furci L, Moran N, Fitzgerald GA (1994). "Point mutation in the seventh hydrophobic domain of the human thromboxane A2 receptor allows discrimination between agonist and antagonist binding sites.". Mol. Pharmacol. 44 (5): 934–9. PMID 8246916. 
  • Schwengel DA, Nouri N, Meyers DA, Levitt RC (1994). "Linkage mapping of the human thromboxane A2 receptor (TBXA2R) to chromosome 19p13.3 using transcribed 3' untranslated DNA sequence polymorphisms.". Genomics 18 (2): 212–5. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1457. PMID 8288221. 
  • Offermanns S, Laugwitz KL, Spicher K, Schultz G (1994). "G proteins of the G12 family are activated via thromboxane A2 and thrombin receptors in human platelets.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (2): 504–8. PMID 8290554. 
  • Hirata T, Ushikubi F, Kakizuka A, et al. (1996). "Two thromboxane A2 receptor isoforms in human platelets. Opposite coupling to adenylyl cyclase with different sensitivity to Arg60 to Leu mutation.". J. Clin. Invest. 97 (4): 949–56. PMID 8613548. 
  • Kinsella BT, O'Mahony DJ, Fitzgerald GA (1997). "The human thromboxane A2 receptor alpha isoform (TP alpha) functionally couples to the G proteins Gq and G11 in vivo and is activated by the isoprostane 8-epi prostaglandin F2 alpha.". J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 281 (2): 957–64. PMID 9152406. 
  • Becker KP, Garnovskaya M, Gettys T, Halushka PV (1999). "Coupling of thromboxane A2 receptor isoforms to Galpha13: effects on ligand binding and signalling.". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1450 (3): 288–96. PMID 10395940. 
  • Barr CL, Wigg KG, Pakstis AJ, et al. (1999). "Genome scan for linkage to Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.". Am. J. Med. Genet. 88 (4): 437–45. PMID 10402514. 
  • Zhou H, Yan F, Tai HH (2001). "Phosphorylation and desensitization of the human thromboxane receptor-alpha by G protein-coupled receptor kinases.". J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 298 (3): 1243–51. PMID 11504827. 
  • Vezza R, Mezzasoma AM, Venditti G, Gresele P (2002). "Prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane A2 activate the same receptor isoforms in human platelets.". Thromb. Haemost. 87 (1): 114–21. PMID 11848439. 
  • Turek JW, Halmos T, Sullivan NL, et al. (2002). "Mapping of a ligand-binding site for the human thromboxane A2 receptor protein.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (19): 16791–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M105872200. PMID 11877412. 
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v • d • e
Transmembrane receptor: G protein-coupled receptors
Class A: Rhodopsin like
Acetylcholine (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5) - Adrenergic (α1 (A, B, D), α2 (A, B, C), β1, β2, β3) - Adrenomedullin - Anaphylatoxin (C3a, C5a) - Angiotensin (1, 2) - Apelin - Bile acid - Bombesin (BRS3, GRPR, NMBR) - Bradykinin (B1, B2) - Cannabinoid (CB1, CB2) - Chemokine - Cholecystokinin (A, B) - Dopamine (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5) - Eicosanoid (CysLT (1, 2), LTB4 (1, 2), FPRL1, OXE, Prostaglandin ((DP (1, 2), EP (1, 2, 3, 4), PGF, Prostacyclin, Thromboxane) - EBI2 - Endothelin (A, B) - Estrogen - Formyl peptide (1, L1, L2) - Free fatty acid (1, 2, 3, 4) - FSH - Galanin (1, 2, 3) - Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1, 2) - GPR (1, 3, 4, 6, 12, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 39, 42, 44, 45, 50, 52, 55, 61, 62, 63, 65, 68, 75, 77, 78, 79, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 92, 101, 103, 119, 120, 132, 135, 139, 141, 142, 146, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 160, 161, 162, 171, 172, 173, 174, 176, 177, 182) - Ghrelin - Histamine (H1, H2, H3, H4) - Kisspeptin - Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin - Lysophospholipid (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) - MAS (1, 1L, D, E, F, G, X1, X2, X3, X4) - Melanocortin (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) - MCHR (1, 2) - Melatonin (1A, 1B)- Motilin - neuromedin (B, U (1, 2)) - Neuropeptide (B/W (1, 2), FF (1, 2), S, Y (1, 2, 4, 5)) - Neurotensin (1, 2) - Opioid (Delta, Kappa, Mu, Nociceptin, but not Sigma) - Olfactory - Opsin (3, 4, 5, 1LW, 1MW, 1SW, RGR, RRH) - Orexin (1, 2) - Oxytocin - Oxoglutarate - PAF - Prokineticin (1, 2) - Prolactin-releasing peptide - Protease-activated (1, 2, 3, 4) - Purinergics (Adenosine (A1, A2a, A2b, A3), P2Y, (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)) - Relaxin (1, 2, 3, 4) - Somatostatin (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) - Serotonin, all but 5-HT3 (5-HT1 (A, B, D, E, F), 5-HT2 (A, B, C), 5-HT (4, 5A, 6, 7)) - SREB - Succinate - TAAR (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9) - Tachykinin (1, 2, 3) - Thyrotropin - Thyrotropin-releasing hormone - Urotensin-II - Vasopressin (1A, 1B, 2)
Class B: Secretin like
Class C: Metabotropic
glutamate / pheromone
Calcium-sensing receptor - GABA B (1, 2) - Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)) - GPRC6A - GPR (156, 158, 179) - RAIG (1, 2, 3, 4) - Taste receptors (TAS1R (1, 2, 3) TAS2R (1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50))
Frizzled / Smoothened
Frizzled (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) - Smoothened