Thornaby-on-Tees
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| Thornaby-on-Tees | |
  Thornaby-on-Tees shown within North Yorkshire |
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| Population | 38956 |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | |
| Unitary authority | Stockton-on-Tees |
| Ceremonial county | North Yorkshire |
| Region | North East |
| Constituent country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | STOCKTON-ON-TEES |
| Postcode district | TS17 |
| Dialling code | 01642 |
| Police | Cleveland |
| Fire | Cleveland |
| Ambulance | North East |
| European Parliament | North East England |
| UK Parliament | Stockton South |
| List of places: UK • England • Yorkshire | |
Thornaby-on-Tees is a town and civil parish within the Borough of Stockton-on-Tees, in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. It is on the south bank of the River Tees, three miles (5 km) southwest of Stockton-on-Tees, and four miles (7 km) southeast of Middlesbrough and has a population of 23,200.
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[edit] History
[edit] Early history
Thornaby is said to have come into existence about AD 800 when the land was given by Halfdene, King of the Danes, to Thormod, one of his noblemen Thor-ny-by thor's new village.
[edit] Prehistoric Settlement
There are other signs of Thornaby being a much older settlement. Traces of prehistoric man have been found, the earliest being a stone axe, 8" long, dating back to the Mesolithic Period (about 3000 BC). In 1926 a dug out canoe said to date from about 1600 – 1400 BC was found in the mud under 8 feet of water opposite Thornaby High Wood. An arrow head of the Neolithic Period (about 3000 BC) was found in a garden on the Thornaby Village Green.[citation needed]
[edit] Norman Years
During the Battle of Hastings (1066) one of William the Conquerors noblemen, Robert I de Brus, marched north with a garrison of men and occupied the area of Cleveland. William gave him those lands to control including Thornaby and Middlesbrough.[citation needed]
[edit] Danish Invasion and The Domesday Book
The then King of Denmark, Sweyn, on Sept. 9th 1069 defeated the Normans at York by killing the entire garrison of 3000 men. William swore an oath to avenge Sweyn by destroying every house and dwelling in the lands under Sweyns rule, leaving all the land in the north east of Yorkshire barren and bare.[citation needed]
Thornaby's first mention in the Domesday Book states:- "Robert Malet has these lands and they are waste." It appears remained undeveloped until the early 19 th. century as "Thurnaby waaste" is mentioned in a poem by Tennyson called "The Northern Farmer.".[citation needed]
[edit] Town Formation
Over the centuries there have been a number of different spellings of the name Thornaby including Turmozbi, Thormozbi and Tormozbia. The form Thornaby first appears in 1665 and refers to old Thornaby village near the River Tees. In the nineteenth century old Thornaby, centred on St Peters Church and the old village green was gradually overshadowed by the burgeoning town of South Stockton. South Stockton was on the Yorkshire side of the Tees opposite Stockton on Tees. South Stockton, became the site of a pottery in 1825 and quickly grew with the establishment of shipbuilding and engineering in the area. On 6th October 1892 South Stockton and Old Thornaby merged into one to form the municipal borough of Thornaby-on-tees.[citation needed]
[edit] St Peter's Church
The parish church, on the village green is believed to be of 12th century origin though a place of worship is said to have existed at the time of the Domesday Book, 1086. The building, with a simple nave & a bell turret with two bells, was originally dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene. On the outside wall are two stones, one with a runic inscription, the other with a carved design.Grace Pace the mother of Captain James Cook was born in Thornaby in 1702 and was christened in St. Peters Church on the village green.[1]
[edit] Story of The Five Lamps
It is said that Robert de Thormodbi, wounded in the Crusades at Acre, swore to raise a shrine to The Virgin Mary if he survived his wounds. He did, and as part of his wish, a shrine niche to the Virgin Mary, lit by five sanctuary lamps was placed in St. Peters Church.
[edit] Civic History
Thornaby lay within the historic county boundaries of Yorkshire, and was made a municipal borough of the North Riding of Yorkshire in 1892. [1]. It was amalgamated with other areas such as Middlesbrough, Redcar and Stockton on Tees in 1968 to form the county borough of Teesside, and then in 1974 became part of the non-metropolitan county of Cleveland, in the borough of Stockton-on-Tees.
In 1995 a parish council entitled Thornaby Town Council was formed within the borough of Stockton.
Cleveland was abolished in 1996, with Stockton-on-Tees becoming a unitary authority and the former areas of Cleveland returned to their former counties.
In the early 20th century an airfield was constructed to the south of the town, which was later commandeered by the Royal Air Force and used extensively during World War II. The airfield was disbanded in the late 1950s and, during the 1960s, was extensively redeveloped with modern housing, shopping centre and industrial estate (the first in the region). Today, many symbols of Thornaby's aeronautical past remain with several street names using names of RAF fighter aircraft, airbases, etc. In 2007 a replica, full size, Spitfire aircraft was erected on a roundabout at a major road intersection.
[edit] Present day
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It is served by Thornaby railway station, and is also home to Durham University's Queen's Campus. A former student at the campus and lauded as 'Teessides greatest sportsman' Richard Sykes, spent 3 years of an illustrious playing career plying his trade at Stockton Cricket Club and Stockton Sports Centre. He often returns playing hockey at the new Norton pitch.
The Village Park Residents Association (VPRA) operates as the largest and most active residents group in the TS17 area. [2] Independent of all political parties it works to benefit the residents in their area. The VPRA are also affiliated to Stockton Residents and Community Groups Association, (SRCGA)Ltd. [3]
As of 2007, Thornaby is undergoing a major redevelopment and regeneration. The old Mandale estate is being demolished, Mandale Park is being built which provides new housing and the town centre is being redeveloped.
[edit] People Born In Thornaby
The novelist Pat Barker, actor, Richard Griffiths and magician, Dean Atkinson were all born in Thornaby.
 The Spitfire Thornaby Road |
[edit] References
- ^ http://www.wikitree.org/index.php?title=Grace_Pace retrieved on August 6, 2007.
[edit] External links
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