Thesaban
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Thesaban (Thai: เทศบาล) are the municipalities in Thailand. There are three levels of municipalities - city, town and subdistrict municipality. Both Bangkok and Pattaya are special municipal entities outside the thesaban system.
The municipalities take over some of the responsibilities which are assigned to the districts (Amphoe) or communes (Tambon) for the non-municipal (rural) areas.
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[edit] Cities
Thesaban nakhon (Thai: เทศบาลนคร) are usually translated as city. To qualify for city status a municipality needs to have a population of at least 50,000 and a population density of 3,000 per square kilometre.
[edit] Towns
Thesaban mueang (Thai: เทศบาลเมือง) are usually translated as town. For a municipality to qualify as a town it either needs to be a provincial capital, or have a population of at least 10,000, a population density of 3000 per km², and sufficient income to cover the tasks of a town.
[edit] Subdistrict municipality
Thesaban tambon (Thai: เทศบาลตำบล) are the lowest municipality level. Despite its name, it does not necessarily be the same area as a subdistrict (tambon), it may cover a tambon incompletely, or may also extend over parts of more than one tambon.
For an area to qualify to establish as a subdistrict municipality, it needs a gross income of at least 5 million baht, a population of 5000, a population density of 1,500 per km², and the consensus of the population of the area.
Most of the current subdistrict municipalities were originally sanitation districts (sukhaphiban), which were all converted into subdistrict municipalities in May 1999, even though many of these did actually not meet the above qualifications.
