Theobromine synthase

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In enzymology, a theobromine synthase (EC 2.1.1.159) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 7-methylxanthine $\rightleftharpoons$ S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3,7-dimethylxanthine

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and 7-methylxanthine, whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and 3,7-dimethylxanthine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:7-methylxanthine N3-methyltransferase. Other names in common use include monomethylxanthine methyltransferase, MXMT, CTS1, CTS2, and S-adenosyl-L-methionine:7-methylxanthine 3-N-methyltransferase.

[edit] References

IUBMB entry for 2.1.1.159
BRENDA references for 2.1.1.159 (Recommended.)
PubMed references for 2.1.1.159
PubMed Central references for 2.1.1.159
Google Scholar references for 2.1.1.159
Ogawa M, Herai Y, Koizumi N, Kusano T, Sano H (2001). "7-Methylxanthine methyltransferase of coffee plants. Gene isolation and enzymatic properties". J. Biol. Chem. 276: 8213–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M009480200. PMID 11108716.
Uefuji H, Ogita S, Yamaguchi Y, Koizumi N, Sano H (2003). "Molecular cloning and functional characterization of three distinct N-methyltransferases involved in the caffeine biosynthetic pathway in coffee plants". Plant. Physiol. 132: 372–80. doi:10.1104/pp.102.019679. PMID 12746542.
Yoneyama N, Morimoto H, Ye CX, Ashihara H, Mizuno K, Kato M (2006). "Substrate specificity of N-methyltransferase involved in purine alkaloids synthesis is dependent upon one amino acid residue of the enzyme". Mol. Genet. Genomics. 275: 125–35. doi:10.1007/s00438-005-0070-z. PMID 16333668.