The man on the Clapham omnibus

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The man on the Clapham omnibus is a descriptive formulation of a reasonably educated and intelligent but non-specialist person — a reasonable man, a hypothetical person against whom a defendant's conduct might be judged in an English law civil action for negligence. This standard of care comparable to that which might be exercised by "the man on the Clapham omnibus" was first mentioned by Greer LJ in Hall v. Brooklands Auto-Racing Club (1933) 1 KB 205.

The first reported legal quotation of the phrase is in the case of McQuire v. Western Morning News [1903] 2 KB 100 (CA) at 109 per Collins MR, a libel case, in which Sir Richard Henn Collins MR attributes it to Lord Bowen, who had died nine years earlier.

It is derived from the phrase the bald-headed man at the back of the Clapham omnibus, (aka, Adam Coles)^{[citation needed]} coined by the 19th century journalist Walter Bagehot to describe the normal man of London, so used because Clapham in south London at the time was a non-descript commuter suburb and was seen to represent "ordinary" London. Omnibus is a now archaic expression for a public bus, but would have been common usage amongst the judiciary at the beginning of the 20th century.

This expression has also been incorporated in Canadian patent jurisprudence, notably Beloit v. Valmet OY (1986), C.P.R. (3d) 289 in its eloquent discussion regarding the test for obviousness.

This phrase has arguably been replaced in common parlance by the phrase the man in the street.^{[citation needed]}

In Australia, the "Clapham omnibus" expression inspired a local equivalent, "the hypothetical person on a hypothetical Bondi tram" (see Papatonakis v Australian Telecommunications Commission (1985) 156 CLR 7 at 36 per Deane J).

In Quebec civil law, this expression traditionally translated into "le bon père de famille" to convey the image of the standard prudent man, before being adapted to the more modern "la personne raisonnable" expression.