The Buford

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Buford, also known as the Soviet Ark and the Red Ark by the press, was a ship used to transfer 248 socialist and anarchists, including Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman, from New York City to the Russian SFSR in December 1919. These individuals had been rounded up during the Palmer Raids.

[edit] Resources

• Photograph of the Buford leaving
• U.S. Army transport BUFORD, the "Soviet Ark,"
• "HUNDREDS OF REDS ON SOVIET 'ARK' SAIL SOON FOR Europe." New York Times 13 Dec. 1919. Accessed 18 Oct. 2007 [1].