Thai art
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Thai art is traditionally considered a form of Buddhist art. Thai Sculpture almost exclusively depicts images of Buddha while Thai paintings are usually illustrations of books and ornamentations of buildings such as palaces and temples.
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[edit] Painting
Thai paintings depict subjects in two dimensions without perspective. Instead, the size of each element reflects its degree of importance. The primary technique of composition was that of apportioning areas: the main elements were isolated from each other by space transformers. This eliminated the intermediate ground which would otherwise introduce perspective. Perspective was introduced only as a result of Western influence in the mid-19th century.
The usual subjects for paintings were the Jataka stories, episodes from the life of the Buddha, the Buddhist heaven and hell and scenes of daily life.buddhist art is unique and it lets out life stories and symbols.
[edit] Sukhothai period
Buddha images of the Sukhothai period are elegant, with sinuous bodies and slender, oval faces. This style emphasised the spiritual aspect of the Buddha by omitting anatomical details. The effect was enhanced by the common practice of casting images in metal rather than carving them. This period saw the introduction of the "walking Buddha" pose. Sukhothai artists tried to follow the defining marks of a Buddha set out in ancient Pali texts:
- skin so smooth that dust cannot stick
- legs like a deer
- thighs like a banyan tree
- shoulders massive as an elephant's head
- arms round like an elephant's trunk, and long enough to touch the knees
- hands like lotuses about to bloom
- fingertips turned back like petals
- head like an egg
- hair like scorpion stingers
- chin like a mango stone
- nose like a parrot's beak
- earlobes lengthened by the earrings of royalty
- eyelashes like a cow's
- eyebrows like drawn bows
Sukhothai also produced a large quantity of glazed ceramics in the sangkhalok style, which were traded throughout south-east Asia.
[edit] Ayutthaya period
Stone, characterised by juxtaposed rows of Buddha figures. In the middle period, Sukhothai influence dominated, with large bronze or brick and stucco Buddha images and decoration of gold leaf in free-form designs on a lacquer background. The late period was more elaborate, with Buddha images in royal attire set on decorative bases.
[edit] Bangkok period
Development of the Ayutthaya style rather than by further great innovation. One important element was the Krom Chang Sip Mu (Organization of the Ten Crafts), originally founded in Ayutthaya, which was responsible for improving the skills of the country's craftsmen. Paintings from the mid-19th century show the influence of Western art.
[edit] Contemporary
Contemporary Thai art often combines traditional Thai elements with modern techniques. Notable artists include Chakrapan Posayakrit, Chalermchai Kositpipat and Tawan Dachanee.
Araya Rasdjarmrearnsook and Montien Boonma have represented Thailand at the Venice Biennale.
Chatchai Puipia exhibited at the Asia-Pacific Triennal (1996), the Shanghai Biennale (2002), the Singapore Biennale (2006) and the exhibition Traditions/Tension Southeast Asian Art at the Asia Society in New York.
Panya Vijinthanasarn is the Dean of Silpakorn’s Faculty of Painting, Sculpture and Graphic Art.
Other younger and up-and-coming aritsts include Porntaweesak Rimsakul and Yuree Kensaku.
Since 2003 Thailand has participated in the Venice Biennale. The Ministry of Culture leads this project while the private sector also works diligently in putting Thailand on the art map by proposing interesting works and artists to Documenta, organized every 5 years in Kassel, Germany. In 2007 there will be two Thai artists in Documenta while an Asian art show will be held in ZKM also, Germany at the same time, starting in June 2007.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Rama IX Art Museum Virtual museum of Thai contemporary artists. Listings of museums, galleries, exhibitions and venues. Contains lots of information on Thai artists and art activities.
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- Golden Triangle Art Introduction of contemporary art and artists living and working in Northern Thailand and Myanmar. Guide to art galleries, art News and exhibitions with focus on Chiang Mai.
- Thai Art Gallery
- Flavours - Thai Contemporary Art by Steven Pettifor
