Teaching hospital

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Addenbrooke's Hospital, A large teaching hospital in Cambridge, UK.

A teaching hospital is a hospital which provides medical training to medical students and residents. Medical students typically spend two to three years in a teaching hospital doing clinical training, after completing their preclinical training in the medical school of a university. Residents (also called "registrars" in the United Kingdom, Australasia and South Africa) are physicians who have completed medical school and are enrolled in speciality training.

Teaching hospitals often have strong links with a nearby medical school and its associated university (such as Addenbrooke's Hospital with the medical school of Cambridge University and Groote Schuur Hospital with the University of Cape Town). A university-affiliated or university-owned hospital is sometimes known as a university hospital.

1 History
2 Admissions
3 Cultural references
4 See also
5 References
6 Sources

[edit] History

Although institutions for caring for the sick are known to have been around much earlier in history, the first teaching hospital, where students were authorized to methodically practice on patients under the supervision of physicians as part of their education, was reportedly the Academy of Gundishapur in the Persian Empire during the Sassanid era. The Middle Persian word Bimaristan literally translates into "land of sickness". ^[1]

In the medieval Islamic world, al-Nuri hospital, built by the famous Nur ad-Din Zanqi, was made a teaching hospital and renowned physicians taught there. The hospital's medical school is said to have had elegant rooms, and a library which many of its books were donated by Zangi's physician, Abu al-Majid al-Bahili. A number of Muslim physicians and physicists graduated from there. Among the well-known students are Ibn Abi Usaybi'ah (1203-1270), the famous medical historian, and 'Ala ad-Din Ibn al-Nafis (d. 1289) whose discovery of pulmonary circulation and the lesser circulatory system marked a new step in the better understanding of human physiology and was the earliest explanation until William Harvey (1628).^[2]

According to Sir John Bagot Glubb:

"By Mamun's time medical schools were extremely active in Baghdad. The first free public hospital was opened in Baghdad during the Caliphate of Haroon-ar-Rashid. As the system developed, physicians and surgeons were appointed who gave lectures to medical students and issued diplomas to those who were considered qualified to practice. The first hospital in Egypt was opened in 872 AD and thereafter public hospitals sprang up all over the empire from Spain and the Maghrib to Persia."^[3]

Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (Santander, Cantabria) is one of the biggest teaching hospitals in the North of Spain.

[edit] Admissions

In the United States, the majority of students use the National Residency Matching Program as the method for selecting the teaching hospital they prefer among the hospitals that want that student.

[edit] Cultural references

The American television shows Chicago Hope, ER, Scrubs, House, and Grey's Anatomy all take place in teaching hospitals (Chicago Hope Hospital, County General Hospital, Sacred Heart, Princeton-Plainsboro, and Seattle Grace, respectively).

[edit] See also

[edit] References

^ E. Browne, Islamic Medicine, 2002, p.16, ISBN 81-87570-19-9.
^ al-Hassani, Woodcock and Saoud(2007),'Muslim Heritage in Our World', FSTC Publishing, p.158-59
^ John Bagot Glubb (cf. Quotations on Islamic Civilization)