TAS2R16

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Taste receptor, type 2, member 16

Identifiers

External IDs

OMIM: 604867 MGI: 2681247 HomoloGene: 9660

Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• receptor activity • G-protein coupled receptor activity • taste receptor activity
Cellular Component:	• membrane • integral to membrane
Biological Process:	• signal transduction • G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway • response to stimulus • sensory perception of taste

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

Refseq

NM_016945 (mRNA)
NP_058641 (protein)

NM_207022 (mRNA)
NP_996905 (protein)

Location

Chr 7: 122.42 - 122.42 Mb

Chr 6: 23.92 - 23.92 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

TAS2R16 (taste receptor, type 2, member 16) is a human gene that encodes for a receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness. ^[1]^[2]

Variants of this gene have been linked to an increased risk for alcohol dependence.^[3]

The TAS2R16 gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 7 at position 31.1 - 31.3, from base pair 122,228,764 to base pair 122,229,639.

1 See also
2 References
3 Further reading
4 External links

[edit] See also

Taste receptor

[edit] References

^ Bufe B, Hofmann T, Krautwurst D, Raguse JD, Meyerhof W (2002). "The human TAS2R16 receptor mediates bitter taste in response to beta-glucopyranosides". Nat Genet 32 (3): 397–401. doi:10.1038/ng1014. PMID 12379855.
^ Drewnowski A (2001). "The science and complexity of bitter taste". Nutr Rev 59 (6): 163–9. PMID 11444592.
^ Hinrichs AL, Wang JC, Bufe B, et al (2006). "Functional variant in a bitter-taste receptor (hTAS2R16) influences risk of alcohol dependence". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 78 (1): 103–11. doi:10.1086/499253. PMID 16385453.

[edit] Further reading

Kinnamon SC (2000). "A plethora of taste receptors.". Neuron 25 (3): 507–10. PMID 10774719.
Margolskee RF (2002). "Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (1): 1–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.R100054200. PMID 11696554.
Montmayeur JP, Matsunami H (2002). "Receptors for bitter and sweet taste.". Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12 (4): 366–71. PMID 12139982.
Adler E, Hoon MA, Mueller KL, et al. (2000). "A novel family of mammalian taste receptors.". Cell 100 (6): 693–702. PMID 10761934.
Chandrashekar J, Mueller KL, Hoon MA, et al. (2000). "T2Rs function as bitter taste receptors.". Cell 100 (6): 703–11. PMID 10761935.
Firestein S (2000). "The good taste of genomics.". Nature 404 (6778): 552–3. doi:10.1038/35007167. PMID 10766221.
Matsunami H, Montmayeur JP, Buck LB (2000). "A family of candidate taste receptors in human and mouse.". Nature 404 (6778): 601–4. doi:10.1038/35007072. PMID 10766242.
Bufe B, Hofmann T, Krautwurst D, et al. (2002). "The human TAS2R16 receptor mediates bitter taste in response to beta-glucopyranosides.". Nat. Genet. 32 (3): 397–401. doi:10.1038/ng1014. PMID 12379855.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.
Zhang Y, Hoon MA, Chandrashekar J, et al. (2003). "Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells sharing similar signaling pathways.". Cell 112 (3): 293–301. PMID 12581520.
Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.". Nature 424 (6945): 157–64. doi:10.1038/nature01782. PMID 12853948.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.
Fischer A, Gilad Y, Man O, Pääbo S (2005). "Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes.". Mol. Biol. Evol. 22 (3): 432–6. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi027. PMID 15496549.
Go Y, Satta Y, Takenaka O, Takahata N (2006). "Lineage-specific loss of function of bitter taste receptor genes in humans and nonhuman primates.". Genetics 170 (1): 313–26. doi:10.1534/genetics.104.037523. PMID 15744053.
Mueller KL, Hoon MA, Erlenbach I, et al. (2005). "The receptors and coding logic for bitter taste.". Nature 434 (7030): 225–9. doi:10.1038/nature03352. PMID 15759003.
Hinrichs AL, Wang JC, Bufe B, et al. (2006). "Functional variant in a bitter-taste receptor (hTAS2R16) influences risk of alcohol dependence.". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 78 (1): 103–11. doi:10.1086/499253. PMID 16385453.
Behrens M, Bartelt J, Reichling C, et al. (2006). "Members of RTP and REEP gene families influence functional bitter taste receptor expression.". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (29): 20650–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M513637200. PMID 16720576.

[edit] External links

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v • d • e Transmembrane receptor: G protein-coupled receptors

Class A: Rhodopsin like	Acetylcholine (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5) - Adrenergic (α1 (A, B, D), α2 (A, B, C), β1, β2, β3) - Adrenomedullin - Anaphylatoxin (C3a, C5a) - Angiotensin (1, 2) - Apelin - Bile acid - Bombesin (BRS3, GRPR, NMBR) - Bradykinin (B1, B2) - Cannabinoid (CB1, CB2) - Chemokine - Cholecystokinin (A, B) - Dopamine (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5) - Eicosanoid (CysLT (1, 2), LTB4 (1, 2), FPRL1, OXE, Prostaglandin ((DP (1, 2), EP (1, 2, 3, 4), PGF, Prostacyclin, Thromboxane) - EBI2 - Endothelin (A, B) - Estrogen - Formyl peptide (1, L1, L2) - Free fatty acid (1, 2, 3, 4) - FSH - Galanin (1, 2, 3) - Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1, 2) - GPR (1, 3, 4, 6, 12, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 39, 42, 44, 45, 50, 52, 55, 61, 62, 63, 65, 68, 75, 77, 78, 79, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 92, 101, 103, 119, 120, 132, 135, 139, 141, 142, 146, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 160, 161, 162, 171, 172, 173, 174, 176, 177, 182) - Ghrelin - Histamine (H1, H2, H3, H4) - Kisspeptin - Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin - Lysophospholipid (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) - MAS (1, 1L, D, E, F, G, X1, X2, X3, X4) - Melanocortin (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) - MCHR (1, 2) - Melatonin (1A, 1B)- Motilin - neuromedin (B, U (1, 2)) - Neuropeptide (B/W (1, 2), FF (1, 2), S, Y (1, 2, 4, 5)) - Neurotensin (1, 2) - Opioid (Delta, Kappa, Mu, Nociceptin, but not Sigma) - Olfactory - Opsin (3, 4, 5, 1LW, 1MW, 1SW, RGR, RRH) - Orexin (1, 2) - Oxytocin - Oxoglutarate - PAF - Prokineticin (1, 2) - Prolactin-releasing peptide - Protease-activated (1, 2, 3, 4) - Purinergics (Adenosine (A1, A2a, A2b, A3), P2Y, (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)) - Relaxin (1, 2, 3, 4) - Somatostatin (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) - Serotonin, all but 5-HT3 (5-HT1 (A, B, D, E, F), 5-HT2 (A, B, C), 5-HT (4, 5A, 6, 7)) - SREB - Succinate - TAAR (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9) - Tachykinin (1, 2, 3) - Thyrotropin - Thyrotropin-releasing hormone - Urotensin-II - Vasopressin (1A, 1B, 2)

Class B: Secretin like	Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor (1, 2, 3) - Cadherin (1, 2, 3) - Calcitonin - CD97 - Corticotropin-releasing hormone (1, 2) - EMR (1, 2, 3) - Glucagon (GR, GIPR, GLP1R, GLP2R) - Growth hormone releasing hormone - PACAPR1- GPR (56, 64, 97, 98, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, 133, 143, 144, 157) - Latrophilin (1, 2, 3, ELTD1) - Parathyroid hormone (1, 2) - Secretin - Vasoactive intestinal peptide (1, 2)

Class C: Metabotropic glutamate / pheromone	Calcium-sensing receptor - GABA B (1, 2) - Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)) - GPRC6A - GPR (156, 158, 179) - RAIG (1, 2, 3, 4) - Taste receptors (TAS1R (1, 2, 3) TAS2R (1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50))

Frizzled / Smoothened	Frizzled (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) - Smoothened