Talamancan montane forests
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The Talamancan montane forests are a montane tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of Costa Rica and Panama.
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[edit] Setting
The Talamancan montane forests cover a discontinuous area of 16,300 square kilometers (6,300 square miles) in Cordilleran mountains, including the Cordillera de Guanacaste, Cordillera de Tilarán, Cordillera Central, and Cordillera de Talamanca, from northwestern Costa Rica to western Panama, with outliers on the Peninsula de Azuero. The montane forests lie above 750 to 1500 meters elevation, up to approximately 3000 meters elevation, where they transition to the grasslands and shrublands of the Costa Rican Páramo on the highest peaks.
The montane forests are surrounded at lower elevations by lowland forests, including the Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests on the Atlantic (Caribbean) slope, the Isthmian-Pacific moist forests to the south, on the Pacific slope, and the Costa Rican seasonal moist forests to the northwest.
[edit] Flora
The forests are made up of evergreen trees, including many species (genera Ocotea, Persea, Nectandra, and Phoebe) of the Laurel family (Lauraceae), and two endemic oaks, Quercus costaricensis and Q. copeyensis.
[edit] Fauna
[edit] Conservation and threats
The Talamancan montane forests are one of Central America's most intact ecoregions, although the oak forests in particular have been cleared for pasture and charcoal making. Forty percent of the ecoregion is protected by national and international parks, including La Amistad Biosphere Reserve, Chirripó National Park, Braulio Carrillo National Park, Volcán Poas National Park, Rincón de la Vieja National Park, and the Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve.
