Taiga Cordillera

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The Taiga Cordillera is a rugged, mountainous terrestrial ecozone of Canada spanning most of northern Yukon and significant portions of the border between the Yukon and the Northwest Territories.

It is the most sparsely populated region of Canada, with only a few hundred inhabitants who rely on subsistence living and the tourism industry.[1] Most of the area's population consists of members of the Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation in the community of Old Crow, located on the Porcupine River.[2]

The area includes three national parks within its boundaries - Ivvavik National Park, Vuntut National Park, and Nahanni National Park Reserve, one of twelve sites in the first group of World Heritage Sites granted by UNESCO.[3][4][5] It also contains Old Crow Flats, an internationally important wetland that overlaps Vuntut National Park.

[edit] Geography

To the south is the Boreal Cordillera, to the east are the Taiga Plains, and its northern extent is defined by Yukon's coastline, at which it abuts the Arctic Archipelago Marine ecozone.

The northernmost area is an arctic tundra which is beyond the tree line, so is characterised by small plants and shrubs.[6][1] These morph to alpine tundra and lowland taiga in a southeastern arc across the zone. To the northwest are rolling hills, throughout which are found broad wetlands reaching the coast of the Beaufort Sea. The interior, representing the northern reach of the Canadian Rockies, is primarily steep, mountainous terrain with sharp, narrow valleys,[1] and features some of the "highest waterfalls, deepest canyons and wildest rivers"[1] in Canada among its towering peaks.

[edit] Climate

With mountains blocking the passage of moisture-laden air masses into the region, typical annual precipitation averages 250 to 300 mm throughout the ecozone,[7] resulting in a dry climate.[3] Winters are long, dark and extremely cold, with mean January temperatures between -25 and -30ºC.[7] Summers are short and cool, with mean July temperatures between 12 and 15ºC.[3] Snow cover lasts a minimum of six months a year, and may persist up to eight months.[7]

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c d Bernhardt, Torsten. Taiga Cordillera. Canada's Ecozones, Canadian Biodiversity project. McGill University, Redpath Museum. Retrieved on 2008-02-06.
  2. ^ Human Activities in the Taiga Cordillera Ecozone. Taiga Cordillera Ecozone. Environment Canada (1978-10-09). Retrieved on 2008-02-06.
  3. ^ a b c Taiga Cordillera Ecozone. Parks Canada. Retrieved on 2008-02-06.
  4. ^ Nahanni National Park Reserve of Canada. Parks Canada. Retrieved on 2008-02-06.
  5. ^ INTERGOVERNMENTAL COMMITTEE FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE, Second Session, Final Report. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved on 2008-02-06.
  6. ^ Overview. Taiga Cordillera Ecozone. Environment Canada. Retrieved on 2008-02-06.
  7. ^ a b c Landforms and Climate of the Taiga Cordillera Ecozone. Taiga Cordillera Ecozone. Environment Canada. Retrieved on 2008-02-06.