Taft Commission
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The Taft Commission also known as Second Philippine Commission was the legislature of the Philippines, then known as the Philippine Islands under the sovereign control of the United States during the Philippine-American War. It was established by United States President William McKinley on March 16, 1900.
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[edit] Background
The Second Philippine Commission (the Taft Commission), appointed by McKinley on March 16, 1900, and headed by William Howard Taft, was granted legislative as well as limited executive powers.[1] Between September 1900 and August 1902, it issued 499 laws, established a judicial system, including a Supreme Court, drew up a legal code to replace antiquated Spanish ordinances and organized a civil service.[2] The 1901 municipal code provided for popularly elected presidents, vice presidents, and councilors to serve on municipal boards. The municipal board members were responsible for collecting taxes, maintaining municipal properties, and undertaking necessary construction projects; they also elected provincial governors.[3]
The Philippine Organic Act of July 1902 stipulated that a legislature would be established composed of a lower house, the Philippine Assembly, which would be popularly elected, and an upper house consisting of the Philippine Commission. The two houses would share legislative powers, although the upper house alone would pass laws relating to the Moros and other non-Christian peoples. The act also provided for extending the United States Bill of Rights to Filipinos and sending two Filipino resident commissioners to Washington to attend sessions of the United States Congress. In July 30, 1907, the first elections for the assembly were held, and the legislature opened its first session on October 16, 1907.[3][4]
[edit] Sessions
- Sessions: March 16, 1900 – September 1, 1901
[edit] Leadership
- President:
[edit] Members
| Member | Appointed | Administrative office |
|---|---|---|
| William Howard Taft | 1900 | Civil Governor |
| Henry Clay Ide | 1900 | Secretary of Finance and Justice |
| Bernard Moses | 1900 | Secretary of Public Instruction |
| Dean C. Worcester | 1900 | Secretary of the Interior |
| Luke Edward Wright | 1900 | Secretary of Commerce and Police |
| Benito Legarda | 1901 | |
| José R. de Luzuriaga | 1901 | |
| Dr. T. H. Pardo de Tavera | 1901 |
- Source: Worcester, Dean Conant (1914), “I. View Point and Subject-Matter”, The Philippines: Past and Present (vol. 1 of 2), Macmillan, p. 8, ISBN 141917715X, <http://www.gutenberg.org/catalog/world/readfile?fk_files=56151&pageno=13>. Retrieved on 15 February 2008
[edit] See also
- Philippine Commission
- First Philippine Commission
- Congress of the Philippines
- Senate of the Philippines
- House of Representatives of the Philippines
[edit] References
- ^ Maximo M. Kalaw (1927), “Appendix F: President McKinley's Instructions to the Taft Commission”, The development of Philippine politics, Oriental commercial, p. 452, <http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=philamer&cc=philamer&idno=afj2233.0001.001&frm=frameset&view=image&seq=472>. Retrieved on 21 January 2008
- ^ Chronology for the Philippine Islands and Guam in the Spanish-American War, U.S. Library of Congress, <http://www.loc.gov/rr/hispanic/1898/chronphil.html>. Retrieved on 16 February 2008
- ^ a b Philippines — United States rule. U.S. Library of Congress. Retrieved on 2007-08-20.
- ^ The Philippine Organic Act of July 1902. Chanrobles law library (July 1, 1902). Retrieved on 2007-07-05.
[edit] External links
- List of Senators. Senate of the Philippines. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
- The LAWPHi'L Project - Philippine Laws and Jurispudance Databank. Arellano Law Foundation. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
- McKinley, William. Instructions of President McKinley to the Taft Commission, 7 April 1900.. In Filipiniana.net online digital library. Retrieved on 2008-01-07.
[edit] Further reading
- Philippine House of Representatives Congressional Library
- The Presidents of the Senate of the Republic of the Philippines.
- Pobre, Cesar P.. Philippine Legislature 100 Years. ISBN 971-92245-0-9.
