Tachypodoiulus niger
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 T. niger walking over moss
 T. niger in defensive posture
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| Tachypodoiulus niger (Leach, 1814) [1] |
Tachypodoiulus niger, known variously as the white-legged snake millipede or the black millipede, is a European species of millipede. It is very similar to other species such as Cylindroiulus londinensis, from which it can only be reliably told apart by studying the shape of the telson [2]. It occurs in the British Isles, Spain, France, Benelux, Germany, Switzerland, Austria and the Czech Republic [1], and is especially common on chalky and limestone soils [2].
T. niger has a roughly cylindrical shiny black body, with around 100 pairs of contrasting white legs [3] on its 41–56 body segments [2]. It lives in leaf litter, under bark or in moss, and feeds on encrusting algae, detritus [3] and sometimes fruit such as raspberries [2]. Predators of T. niger include the centipedes Lithobius variegatus and Lithobius forficatus [3] and hedgehogs [4].
T. niger is most active from one hour after sunset to one hour before sunrise, although in summer it also becomes active in the afternoon [5]. Like many millipedes, T. niger coils itself into a spiral, with its legs on the inside and its head in the centre, when it is threatened [2], but it can also flee with sidewinding movements [6].
[edit] References
- ^ a b Tachypodoiulus niger (Leach 1814). Fauna Europaea. Retrieved on 2007-06-28.
- ^ a b c d e Stuart M. Bennett (2000). Tachypodoiulus niger.
- ^ a b c White-legged snake millipede — Tachypodoiulus niger. Natural England. Retrieved on 2007-06-28.
- ^ B. Lundrigan & J. Bidlingmeyer (2000). Erinaceus europaeus: western European hedgehog. Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan.
- ^ Barundeb Banerjee (1967). Diurnal and seasonal variations in the activity of the millipedes Cylindroiulus punctatus (Leach), Tachopodoiulus niger (Leach) and Polydesmus angustus Latzel. Oikos 18: 141–144. doi:.
- ^ Tachypodoiulus niger vs. Julus scandinavius. diplopoda.de. (German)
