Tabasaran language
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tabasaran табасаран чIал tabasaran ĉ̣al |
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Spoken in: | Russia | |
Region: | Southern Dagestan | |
Total speakers: | 95,905 (1993) | |
Language family: | Northeast Caucasian Lezgian Tabasaran |
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Language codes | ||
ISO 639-1: | none | |
ISO 639-2: | cau | |
ISO 639-3: | tab | |
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. |
Tabasaran (or Tabassaran) is a member of the Lezgian subfamily of the Northeast Caucasian languages. It is spoken in the southern parts of the Russian Caucasus republic of Dagestan. Tabasaran speakers, Tabasaran people, live in the basin of Upper Rubas-chai and Upper Chirakh-chai. There are two main dialects: North (Khanag) and South Tabasaran. It has a literary language based on the Southern dialect, one of six in the Dagestan Republic.
Tabassaran is an ergative language. The verb system is relatively simple; verbs agree with the noun in number, person and (in North Tabassaran) class. North Tabassaran has two noun classes, while Southern Tabassaran has none.
Contents |
[edit] Writing System
Tabasaran is written with Cyrillic alphabet.
Letter | IPA |
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А а | [ɑ] |
Аь аь | [æ] |
Б б | [b] |
В в | [v] |
Г г | [g] |
Гг гг | [ɣ] |
Гъ гъ | [ʕ] |
Гь гь | [h] |
Д д | [d] |
Е е | [ɛ], [jɛ] |
Ё ё | [jo] |
Ж ж | [ʒ], [ʤ] |
Жв жв | [ʒʷ] |
З з | [z], [ʣ] |
И и | [i] |
Й й | [j] |
К к | [kʰ] |
Кк кк | [k:] |
Къ къ | [qʰ:] |
Кь кь | [qʼ] |
КӀ кӀ | [kʼ] |
Л л | [l] |
М м | [m] |
Н н | [n] |
О о | [o] |
П п | [pʰ] |
ПП пп | [p:] |
ПӀ пӀ | [pʼ] |
Р р | [r] |
С с | [s] |
Т т | [tʰ] |
Тт тт | [t:] |
ТӀ тӀ | [tʼ] |
У у | [u] |
Уь уь | [y] |
Ф ф | [f] |
Х х | [ɦ] |
Хъ хъ | [qʰ] |
Хь хь | [x] |
'Ц ц | [ʦʰ] |
Цц цц | [ʦʰ:] |
ЦӀ цӀ | [ʦʼ] |
Ч ч | [ʧʰ] |
Чв чв | [ʧʰʷ] |
Чч чч | [ʧʰ:] |
ЧӀ чӀ | [ʧʼ] |
Ш ш | [ʃ] |
Шв шв | [ʃʷ] |
Щ щ | [ɕ] |
Ъ ъ | [ʔ] |
Ы ы | [ɨ] |
Ь ь | |
Э э | [ɛ] |
Ю ю | [y], [ju] |
Я я | [æ], [jɑ] |
Remark: The letters indicated in red are only encountered in loans from Russian
[edit] Sample
Uwu aldakurawu "Уву алдакураву" — "You are falling."
Uzuz uwu kkunduzuz "Узуз уву ккундузуз" — "I love you."
Uwu fudžuwa? "Уву фужува?" — "Who are you?"
Fici wuna? "Фици вуна?" — "How are you?"
Zakur ɣürza "Закур гъюрза" — "I'll come tomorrow"
[edit] Bibliography
- Chanmagomedov, B.G.-K. & K.T. Šalbuzov. 2001. Tabasaransko-russkij slovar’. Moskva: Ilim. ISBN 5-02-022620-3 [Includes outline of Tabasaran grammar (Grammatičeskij očerk tabasaranskogo jazyka) by K.K. Kurbanov (p. 395-476)]