Syro-Palestine

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Syro-Palestine is a term used in various social sciences, such as archaeology, to describe the ancient cultural-geographic region at the eastern end of the Mediterranean, similar to the Levant. It consists primarily of today's western Syria, Lebanon, the Gaza Strip, Israel, and the West Bank.

Its exact definition is not fixed, and it may refer to a larger area including the whole area from the Taurus Mountains in the North West, the Euphrates Bend in the northeast, down to the Gulf of Aqaba and the Sinai Peninsula in the south.

Since the region only officially bore the name Palestine from AD 135 when it was renamed that by the Romans, and it was known by various other names before then, the term is actually anachronistic for dates before 135.

The history of this area can be divided into the following periods

  1. Prehistory
    1. Upper Paleolithic
    2. Middle Paleolithic
    3. Upper Paleolithic
    4. Epipaleolithic or Mesolithic
    5. Neolithic
      1. Pre-pottery Neolithic
      2. Chalcolithic
        1. Halafian Culture
        2. Ghassulian Culture
        3. Ubaid Period
  2. Ancient History
    1. The Bronze Age
      1. Early Bronze Age
        1. Uruk Phase
        2. Eblaite Age
      2. Middle Bronze Age
        1. Mitannite Age
      3. Late Bronze Age
        1. Egyptian Empire Period
    2. Iron Age
      1. Early Iron Age
        1. Neo-Hittites
        2. Aramaean States
      2. Middle Iron Age (Secondary States)
        1. Phoenician
        2. Aramaeans
        3. Moabites
        4. Ammonites
        5. Edomite
        6. Israel and Judah
    3. Assyrian Empire
    4. Neo-Babylonian Empire
  3. Classical Antiquity
    1. Persian Empire
    2. Hellenistic Period
    3. Roman Empire
  4. Medieval Period
    1. Byzantine Period
    2. Arab Caliphates
    3. Fatamid Period and Crusades
    4. Ayyubid and Mamaluk Periods
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