From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Population in 1897[1] |
| Nationality |
People |
Percent |
| Lithuanians |
304,500 |
52% |
| Poles |
134,000 |
23% |
| Jews |
59,100 |
10% |
| Germans |
30,500 |
5% |
| Belarusians |
26,600 |
5% |
| Russians |
24,500 |
4% |
| Others |
3,700 |
.7% |
| Total |
582,900 |
100% |
Suwałki Governorate (in yellow) from 1867 to 1914
Suwałki Governorate (Lithuanian: Suvalkų gubernija, Polish: Gubernia suwalska) was an administrative unit (guberniya) of the Congress Poland with seat in Suwałki. It covered the territory of about 12,300 km². It was divided into seven uyezds: Kalvarija, Marijampolė, Naujamiestis (Vladislavovas), Vilkaviškis, Sejny, Augustów, and Suwałki.[2]
In 1867 territories of the Augustów Governorate and the Płock Governorate were divided into a smaller Płock Governorate, Suwałki Governorate (consisting mostly of the Augustów Governorate territories) and a recreated Łomża Governorate. According to contemporary Russian Empire statistics from 1889 Governorate was predominately Lithuanian – Lithuanians comprised 57,8% of the population.[3] The Lithuanians formed a clear majority only in the northern part of this governorate (uyezds of Kalvarija, Marijampolė, Naujamiestis, Vilkaviškis and eastern part of Sejny) and the Poles had a majority in the southern part (counties of Suwałki, Augustów and western part of Sejny).[4] The border Suvalkai Region caused military conflicts, including the Polish-Lithuanian War and Sejny Uprising. After World War I the governorate was eventually split between Poland and Lithuania, mostly along ethnic lines (with an exception of Puńsk). The Polish part, known as Suwałki Region, was incorporated into the Białystok Voivodeship. Lithuanian ethnographic region Suvalkija was named after the governorate.
[edit] References
- ^ (German) Nikolajew, Christina Juditha (2005). Zum Zusammenhang zwischen nationaler Identitätsbildung und Katholischer Kirche in Litauen. Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 16.
- ^ (Lithuanian) "Suvalkų gubernija". Tarybų Lietuvos enciklopedija IV. (1988). Ed. Jonas Zinkus, et. al. Vilnius, Lithuania: Vyriausioji enciklopedijų redakcija. 136-137.
- ^ Šenavičienė, Ieva (1999). "Tautos budimas ir blaivybės sąjūdis". Istorija 40: p.3.
- ^ Piotr Łossowski, Konflikt polsko-litewski 1918-1920 (1996) p.10 and p.15
