Sulm (Germany)

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Sulm
The Sulm near Erlenbach.
Country	Germany
State	Baden-Württemberg
Major city	Neckarsulm
Length	25 km (16 mi)
Watershed	111 km² (43 sq mi)
Discharge at	Neckarsulm
- average	.92 m³/s (32 cu ft/s)
Source
- location	Löwenstein
- elevation	463 m (1,519 ft)
Mouth	Neckar
- location	Neckarsulm
- elevation	148 m (486 ft)
Map of the Sulm (red)

The Sulm is an unnavigable right tributary of the Neckar in the Heilbronn district of Baden-Wuerttemberg. It arises in the Löwensteiner Mountains and after 25.3 km (15.7 miles) and 315 meters (1033 feet) of elevation flows into the Neckar in Untereisesheim, near Neckarsulm.

[edit] Geography

The Sulm flows south from the city Löwenstein at the edge of the Löwensteiner Mountains. At its origin, the Sulm is fed by several brooks, and which brook specifically constitutes the source is subject to interpretation. Several such brooks discharge into an artificially created retention basin.

The retention basin is on the watershed between Sulm and Schozach and has dams in both directions. It is fed with water that that further east, at 465 m above sea level, comes from rising book brook. It arrives into the retention basin and from this into the Sulm. according to one source the short piece of the retention pond discharge or even the whole upper book brook including Mühlgraben is regarded as Sulm (in this case the overall length of the river reaches 26.2  km).

Indisputablely the Sulm flows of from there. For a short distance, it travels under the area of the company Teusser verdolt (thus underground), at the edge of the Löwensteiner of quarter Teusserbad and to 1623 built surge tank, takes a sharp turn northward, then eastward past the Löwensteiner local part Rittelhof. With a sea-mill south of B 39, one surviving of the originally three Löwensteiner mills, it feeds 39 a Mühlsee. After crossing under the B 39, it formsthe farmstead Beckershof nearby at approx. 222m above sea level. From 1975 to 1980 for reasons of the flood protection, 40 hectares of large detention basin were artificially accumulated, which with his larger part already on Obersulm, Gemarkung lies. Northwest from Obersulm Weiler the river drains from the lake and turns to the west.

Here it, coming from southeast, is led in the middle by the Weinsberger motorway interchange, in that itself A 6 and A 81 meets. Here in former times the Weinsberger Benzenmühle broke off because of motorway construction 1971. The hare mill is received, to find to the Sulm, after this left the motorway interchange in the northwest. Already on Erlenbacher Gemarkung, but east the place, the concrete dam of a flood control storage basin is after the supply of the white yard brook.

At the southern local edge of Erlenbach and its local part being cheeks flows past the Sulm after northwest toward Neckarsulm. Here is a further floodcontrol storage basin. Starting from the city boundary the Sulm flows straightened in a park area, that 1975 Sulmtalpark put on. In former times different mills were along their run on Neckarsulmer area. The close mill which was directly because of the city boundary was broken off 1988. Starting from here the Sulm ran in former times in a far elbow first northward, then to the west by the work area NSU of engine works. After two floods in the year 1970 the river was verdolt 1973 to 1975. It runs since then over 2,6  km underground and meets in the north of the Neckarsulmer Gemarkung, at the border to bath Friedrichshall, on (in this section) the 1925 finished Neckarkanal. There the Sulm is passed through directly following the Dole with one Düker under the channel. She is to be seen deeper in a maintenance building again several meters briefly before.

On the west side of the Neckarkanals shows up it on „the island “between channel and Altneckar again and forms here for for instance 250  m the border between bath Friedrichshall and Untereisesheim, before it finally opposite of Untereisesheim on 148  m over NN in the Neckar flows.

[edit] Catchment

The water catchment area of the Sulm covers 111 km² and limited by the watersheds to Brettach in the north and the east, Schozach in the southwest and Murr in the southeast.

The most important supplies (with the place of their inlet) are on the right side: Schlierbach (in Obersulm Affaltrach), Michelbach (in Affaltrach), Seebächle (in Obersulm Willsbach), Sülzbach (in Obersulm Sülzbach), white yard brook (called at the beginning of Eberbach, above Erlenbach). On the left side: Hambach (in Obersulm Willsbach), Ellbach (in Ellhofen), city sea or sow brook and/or Weinsberger brook (in Erlenbach).

Coordinates: 49°12′N 9°13′E / 49.2, 9.217