Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord

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Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord Classification and external resources
ICD-10	G32.0, E53.8
ICD-9	336.2, 266.2
DiseasesDB	12591
MedlinePlus	000723
MeSH	D052879

Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord, also known as Lichtheim's disease,^[1][2] refers to degeneration of the posterior and lateral columns of the spinal cord as a result of vitamin B12 deficiency. It is usually associated with pernicious anemia.

Contents 1 Presentation 2 Treatment 3 References 4 External links

[edit] Presentation

The pathological findings of subacute combined degeneration consist of patchy losses of myelin in the dorsal and lateral columns. Patients present with weakness of legs , arms, trunk, tingling and numbness that progressively worsens. Vision changes and change of mental state may also be present. Bilateral spastic paresis may develop and pressure, vibration and touch sense are diminished. A positive Babinski sign may be seen.

[edit] Treatment

Therapy with vitamin B12 results in partial to full recovery, depending on the duration and extent of neurodegeneration.

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• http://www.neuropathologyweb.org/chapter8/chapter8Nutritional.html

v • d • e Pathology of the nervous system, primarily CNS (G00-G47, 320-349) Inflammatory diseases of the CNS Meningitis (Arachnoiditis) - Encephalitis - Myelitis - Encephalomyelitis (Acute disseminated) - Tropical spastic paraparesis - Cavernous sinus thrombosis Systemic atrophies primarily affecting the CNS Huntington's Spinocerebellar ataxia (Friedreich's ataxia, Ataxia telangiectasia, Hereditary spastic paraplegia) Spinal muscular atrophy: Werdnig-Hoffman - Kugelberg-Welander - Fazio Londe - MND (ALS, PMA, PBP, PP, PLS) Extrapyramidal and movement disorders Parkinson's disease - Neuroleptic malignant syndrome - Postencephalitic parkinsonism - Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration - Progressive supranuclear palsy - Striatonigral degeneration Dystonia/Dyskinesia (Spasmodic torticollis, Meige's, Blepharospasm) Essential tremor - Myoclonus - Lafora Chorea (Choreoathetosis) - Restless legs - Stiff person Other degenerative/ demyelinating diseases dementia: Alzheimer's - Pick's - Dementia with Lewy bodies - Frontotemporal lobar degeneration mitochondrial disease: Leigh's demyelinating: Multiple sclerosis - Devic's - Central pontine myelinolysis - Transverse myelitis - Marchiafava-Bignami disease - CAMFAK syndrome - Alpers' Seizure/epilepsy Focal (Simple partial, Complex partial) - Generalised (Tonic-clonic, Absence, Atonic, Benign familial neonatal) Lennox-Gastaut - West - Epilepsia partialis continua - Status epilepticus (Complex partial status epilepticus) Headache Migraine (Familial hemiplegic) - Cluster - Vascular - Tension Vascular Transient ischemic attack (Amaurosis fugax, Transient global amnesia) Cerebrovascular disease (MCA, ACA, PCA, Foville's, Millard-Gubler, Lateral medullary, Weber's, Lacunar stroke) Sleep disorders Insomnia - Hypersomnia - Sleep apnea (Ondine's curse) - Narcolepsy - Cataplexy - Kleine-Levin - Circadian rhythm sleep - Delayed sleep phase - Advanced sleep phase Intracranial hypertension Hydrocephalus (Normal pressure) - Idiopathic intracranial hypertension Other encephalopathy Brain herniation - Cerebral edema - Reye's Other spinal cord disease Syringomyelia - Syringobulbia - Morvan's syndrome - Spinal cord compression

v • d • e Lesions of spinal cord and brain Spinal cord sensory: Sensory ataxia - Tabes dorsalis motor: Motor neurone disease mixed: Brown-Séquard syndrome - cord syndrome (Posterior, Anterior, Central/Syringomyelia) - Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord (B12) Anterior spinal artery syndrome Brainstem Medulla (CN 8, 9, 10, 12) Lateral medullary syndrome/Wallenberg (PICA) - Medial medullary syndrome (ASA) Pons (CN 5, 6, 7, 8) Lateral pontine syndrome (AICA) - Millard-Gubler syndrome (lateral) - Medial pontine syndrome (basilar) - Foville's syndrome (dorsal, basilar) - Locked-In syndrome (ventral) - Internuclear ophthalmoplegia - One and a half syndrome Midbrain (CN 3, 4) Weber's syndrome (ventral peduncle, PCA) - Benedikt's syndrome (ventral tegmentum, PCA) - Parinaud's syndrome (dorsal, tumor) Cerebellum lateral (Dysmetria, Dysdiadochokinesia, Intention tremor) - medial (Cerebellar ataxia) Basal ganglia Chorea - Dystonia - Parkinson's disease Cortex ACA syndrome - MCA syndrome - PCA syndrome frontal lobe: Expressive aphasia - Abulia parietal lobe: Receptive aphasia - Hemispatial neglect - Gerstmann syndrome - Astereognosis occipital lobe: Balint's syndrome - Cortical blindness - Alexia without agraphia temporal lobe: Cortical deafness - Prosopagnosia Other Subclavian steal syndrome - Upper motor neurone lesion (Clasp-knife response) - Lower motor neurone lesion