Stropharia rugosoannulata

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Stropharia rugosoannulata
S. rugosoannulata in a bowl
S. rugosoannulata
in a bowl
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Strophariaceae
Genus: Stropharia
Species: S. rugosoannulata
Binomial name
Stropharia rugosoannulata
Farlow ex Murrill
Template:Mycomorphbox
How to create a mycomorphbox
Stropharia rugosoannulata
mycological characteristics:
 
gills on hymenium
 
 

cap is convex or flat

 

hymenium is adnate

 

stipe has a ring

 

spore print is purple

 

ecology is saprotrophic

 

edibility: choice

Stropharia rugosoannulata, known as the wine-cap stropharia, burgundy mushroom or king stropharia, is an agaric of the family Strophariaceae found in Europe and North America, and introduced to New Zealand.

Unlike many other members of the genus Stropharia, it is widely regarded as a choice edible and cultivated for food.

The king stropharia can grow to 20 cm high with a reddish-brown convex to flattening cap up to 30 cm across, the size leading to another colloquial name godzilla mushroom.[1] The gills are initially pale, then grey, and finally dark purple-brown in colour. The firm flesh is white, as is the tall stem which bears a wrinkled ring. This is the origin of the specific name which means "wrinkled-ringed".[2]

It is found on wood chips and bark mulch across North America in summer and autumn. Described as very tasty by some authors, king stropharia is easily cultivated on a medium similar to what it grows on naturally. Antonio Carluccio recommends sautéeing them in butter or grilling them.[1]

A 2006 study, published in the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology, found the king stropharia to have the ability to attack the nematode Panagrellus redivivus; the fungus produces unique spiny cells called acanthocytes which are able to immobilise and digest the nematodes.[3] See nematophagous fungus.

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ a b Carluccio A (2003). The Complete Mushroom Book. Quadrille. ISBN 1-84400-040-0. 
  2. ^ Pacioni G (1981). Simon & Schusters Guide to Mushrooms. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-671-42849-7. 
  3. ^ Hong Luo, Xuan Li, Guohong Li, Yanbo Pan, and Keqin Zhang (2006). "Acanthocytes of Stropharia rugosoannulata Function as a Nematode-Attacking Device". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72 (4): 2982–2987. doi:10.1128/AEM.72.4.2982-2987.2006.. 

[edit] References

  • Phillips, Roger (1991). Mushrooms of North America. Little, Brown & Co.. ISBN 0316706132.