Stress-strain index

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The stress-strain index (SSI), of a bone, is a surrogate measure of bone strength[1] determined from a cross-sectional scan by QCT or pQCT (radiological scan). The Stress-Strain Index is used to compare the strucural parameters determined by analysis of QCT/pQCT cross-sectional scans to the results of three point bending test.

[edit] Definition

It is calculated using the following formula:[2]

SSI = \sum_{i=0}^n {{r_i^2 a ({{CD} \over {ND}})} \over {r_{max}}}

Where:

  • rmax is the distance of voxel from centre
  • CD is the apparent cortical (bone) density
  • ND is the normal (cortical bone) density
  • ri is the pixel position from the centre
  • a is the area of a pixel

[edit] History and relation to moments of inertia

It was developed by the manufacturer of a peripheral quantitative CT (pQCT) scanner,[2] and is considered to be by some an improvement over the information provided by calculating the area moments of inertia and polar moments of inertia.

[edit] References

  1. ^ Ward K, Roberts S, Adams J, Mughal M (2005). "Bone geometry and density in the skeleton of pre-pubertal gymnasts and school children.". Bone 36 (6): 1012–8. doi:10.1016/j.bone.2005.03.001. PMID 15876561. 
  2. ^ a b Hasegawa Y, Schneider P, Reiners C (2001). "Age, sex, and grip strength determine architectural bone parameters assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) at the human radius.". J Biomech 34 (4): 497–503. doi:10.1016/S0021-9290(00)00211-6. PMID 11266673.