Strain (injury)

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This article is about the injury. For other uses, see strain.
Strain (injury)
Classification and external resources
ICD-10 M62.6, T14.3
ICD-9 848.9
MeSH D013180

A strain is an injury to a muscle in which the muscle fibers tear as a result of overstretching. Strains are also colloquially known as pulled muscles. The equivalent injury to a ligament is a sprain.

Typical symptoms of a strain include localized pain, stiffness, inflammation, and bruising around the strained muscle.

Contents

[edit] Causes

Strains can happen to anyone and are certainly not restricted to athletes. In fact people can commonly get strains from simple, everyday tasks. Nevertheless, people who play sports are more at risk of developing a strain.

[edit] Treatment

The first modality for a muscle strain in the acute phase is R.I.C.E.[1]

  • Rest: Stop all activities which cause pain to avoid the strain becoming more serious.
  • Ice: Helps reduce swelling. Never ice for more than 10-15 minutes at a time. Use a layer of fabric or paper in between the ice and the injury to avoid burning the skin.
  • Compression: Wrap the strained area to reduce swelling.
  • Elevation: Keep the strained area as close to the level of the heart as is conveniently possible to keep blood from pooling in the injured area.

The Ice and Compression (Cold compression therapy) will stop the pain and swelling while the injury starts to heal itself. Controlling the inflammation is critical to the healing process and the icing further restricts fluid leaking into the injured area as well as controlling pain.

Cold compression therapy wraps are a useful way to combine Icing and Compression to stop swelling and pain.

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Mnemonic at medicalmnemonics.com 235
v • d • e
Dislocations/subluxations, sprains and strains (Sx3 where x=0 to 9, 830-848)
Neck (x=1)
Shoulder and upper arm (x=4)
Hip and thigh (x=7)
Knee and lower leg (x=8)
Ankle and foot (x=9)