Stone, Buckinghamshire

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St John the Baptist parish church, Stone

Stone is a village in Buckinghamshire, England. It is located south west of the town of Aylesbury, on the main road that links Aylesbury to Thame.

The village name is Anglo Saxon in origin, and refers literally to boundary stone or marker stone. In the Domesday Book of 1086 the village was recorded as Stanes.

The parish church is dedicated to St John the Baptist, and is dated 1273. The graveyard contains the grave of Admiral Smyth.

In 1839, John Lee and the Royal Astronomical Society jointly owned the advowson of the parish. They appointed amateur scientist the Rev. Joseph Bancroft Reade as vicar. Reade served as incumbent until 1859, establishing a school and an astronomical observatory, and performing pioneering work in the early development of photography.^[1]^[2]

Stone Church of England Combined School is voluntary controlled, mixed primary school with approximately 180 pupils aged between four and eleven. The school's catchment area includes the nearby villages of Bishopstone and Hartwell, and children transfer to the school from Dinton Church of England School, at the age of seven. The school dates from 1871, but most of the present buildings date from 1973 when a major programme of building work provided a hall, new classrooms, a library, changing rooms, offices and an extended playground. The current headteacher is Simon Rose who took over from Ian Stewart in September 2006. The school has been gradually improving in the last few years, since Ofsted judged it to have "serious weaknesses" in November 2000. In 2006 the school was judged to be "satisfactory" and a 2007 Monitoring Report identified "good progress" in improving the curriculum and teaching. In 2007 the school's Key Stage 2 results matched the England average, although they were slightly below the average for Buckinghamshire.^[3]^[4]

In the early 19th century an asylum (later known as St. John's Hospital) was opened in Stone for people with disabilities or mental illnesses. It was closed in the 1980s, and the vast expanse of land has since been given over to a new housing estate.

The architect Clough Williams-Ellis designed the village hall in 1910.

In 1806, Magna Britannia ^[5] described Stone as

STONE, in the hundred of Aylesbury and deanery of Wendover, lies nearly three miles west of Aylesbury, on the road to Thame. The manor was anciently in the family of Braci, afterwards in that of Whittingham. It has been since held for many years by the Lees with the adjoining manor of Hartwell, and is now the property of the Rev. Sir George Lee bart.

The parish church which was consecrated in 1273, retains some vestiges of the architecture of that period. The rectory was given by the Braci family to the priory of Oseney. By the act of parliament which passed for inclosing this parish in 1776, it appears that the Lees were entitled to the great tithes of Southwarp in Stone, and the earl of Chesterfield to those of the remainder of the parish. Allotments of land were then assigned to the impropriators and to the vicar, who was entitled to the tithes of hay. Sir George Lee is patron and incumbent of the vicarage.

The village of Stone adjoins the village of Hartwell.

During World War II, a Prisoner of War camp was located in Stone (Camp No. 36 Hartwell Dog Track)[1]. The camp's location is given as near to Ellen Road, adjacent to where the Walton Court housing estate was later built 51.80173° N 0.8310632° W. Camp buildings were still in existence in the 1950s on what is now the Meadoway housing estate adjacent to Sedrup Lane 51.801° N 0.846° W. The camp was known to house Italian prisoners from 1942 to 1946[2].