Stiff voice

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Phonation
Glottal states (from open to closed)
voiceless (full airstream)
breathy voice (murmur)
whisper
slack voice
modal voice (maximum vibration)
stiff voice
creaky voice (restricted airstream)
glottalized (blocked airstream)
Supra-glottal phonation
faucalized voice ("hollow")
harsh voice ("pressed")
strident (harsh trilled)
Vocal registers
whistle
falsetto
modal
vocal fry

The term stiff voice describes the pronunciation of consonants with a glottal opening narrower, and the vocal cords stiffer, than what occurs in modal voice. Although there is no specific IPA diacritic for stiff voice, the voicing diacritic (a subscript wedge) may be used in conjunction with the symbol for a voiced consonant. One language with stiff voice is Thai:

phonation Thai IPA translation
stiff voice บ้า [b̬âː] crazy
tenuis ป้า [pâː] aunt
aspirated ผ้า [pʰâː] cloth

Javanese contrasts stiff and slack voiced bilabial, dental, retroflex, and velar stops:

phonation IPA translation
stiff voice [d̬amu] guest
slack voice [d̥amu] blow
Languages