Stettin (icebreaker)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Icebreaker | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
||
| Ships data | ||
| Name: | Stettin | |
| Launching: | 7 September 1933 | |
| Commissioned: | 16 November 1933 | |
| Shipyard: | Stettiner Oderwerke | |
| Construction no.: | 769 | |
| Crew: | 22 | |
| Owner: | Association Dampf-Eisbrecher Stettin e.V.,Hamburg | |
| Former shipping company: | Chamber of Commerce, Stettin | |
| Class: | Germanischer Lloyd 100 A5 K E | |
| Homeport: | Hamburg | |
| Production costs: | 574.000 Reichsmark|RM | |
| Signal: | DBCR | |
| Technical data | ||
| Gros register tons: | 783 | |
| Net register tons: | 235 | |
| Displacement: | 1.138 t | |
| Length: | 51,75 m | |
| Width: | 13,43 m | |
| Draught: | 5,40 m | |
| Side height: | 6,45 m | |
| Sheet connection: | ca. 95.000 rivets | |
| Engine | ||
| 3-cylinder-expansion steam-piston engine with Stephenson excentercontrol | ||
| Steam control: | by 2 piston slides and 1 flat slide | |
| Engine height: | 5.900 mm | |
| Crankshaft length: | 5.800 mm | |
| Power: | 2.200 hp at 115 rpm | |
| Propeller: | 1, Diameter 4.200 mm | |
| Max. speed: | 14,2 kn/h | |
| Auxiliary engines: | 13, all steam driven | |
| Boilers: | 2 | |
| Diameter: | 4.200 mm | |
| Length: | 3.265 mm | |
| Content of each boiler: | 24 t freshwater | |
| Rust area per boiler: | 5,1 m² | |
| Heating area per boiler: | 217,73 m² | |
| Steam quantity: | 5,8 t/h | |
| Max. steam pressure : | 14,5 bar | |
| Steam temperature: | 196 °C | |
| Content Coal bunker: | 186 t | |
| Consumption: | 600 - 1000 kg/h | |
| Fuel: | hard coal | |
Stettin is a steam icebreaker built by the shipyard Stettiner Oderwerke in 1933. She was ordered by the Chamber of Commerce of Stettin (until 1945 Germany, since 1945 Szczecin, Poland). The economy of the city of Stettin strongly depended on the free access of ships to and from the Baltic Sea. Therefore, icebreakers were used to keep the shipping channels free from ice during the winter.
For the first time in Germany, the construction was characterized by a new bow design called Runeberg-bow. This new bow design broke the ice using a novel method. It was not broken by the weight of the ship but by a sharp cutting edge. Future development of icebreakers was influenced by this bow form.
Although diesel-engines were already in wide use by 1933, Stettin was equipped with a steam piston engine. Unlike diesel engines, steam piston engines can be reversed within a very short period of approximately 3 to 4 seconds. This was important during manoeuvres of the ship under icey conditions in order to liberate the ship if it were to get stuck. The icebreakers of Stettin were handled by the shipping company Braeunlich, which ran a seaside resort ferry service along the coast during the summer. Its other ships had similar engines, so a single technical staff could be employed year round. Stettin was run by a crew of 22 men. This system was in place until the end of World War II.
With the special hull design and an engine power with a maximum horsepower of 2200, measured at the cylinders, Stettin was able to break ice up to a thickness of half a meter, at a constant speed of one to two knots. Thicker ice could only be broken by boxing. Boxing was a process in which the ship ran several attacks until the ice gave way.
From 1933 to 1945, Stettin was used on the Oder River between Stettin and Swinemünde (Świnoujście), as well as on the Baltic Sea. In 1945, she was involved in the dramatic evacuation of refugees. From 1945 on, she was used by the waterway and navigation authorities in Hamburg on the river Elbe.
In 1981, Stettin was slated to be scrapped due to uneconomic costs. With the establishment of a development association, thousands of working hours, and support by generous sponsors, the ship was saved. Today, she is a technical culture monument. Her homeport is the museum port of Oevelgoenne in Hamburg, Germany. During the summertime, Stettin cruises with guests on occasions like "Hamburg port birthday," "Hansesail Rostock," and "Kieler Woche," and is also used as a charter vessel.
[edit] External links
