Stalingrad (film)
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| Stalingrad | |
|---|---|
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| Directed by | Joseph Vilsmaier |
| Produced by | Hanno Huth Günter Rohrbach |
| Written by | Jürgen Büscher Johannes Heide |
| Starring | Thomas Kretschmann Dominique Horwitz |
| Music by | Norbert Jürgen Schneider Martin Grassl |
| Release date(s) | 1993 |
| Running time | 134 min. |
| Language | German/Russian |
| Budget | DEM 20,000,000 (estimated) |
| IMDb profile | |
Stalingrad is a 1993 film by Joseph Vilsmaier, which depicts the horrors of combat on the Eastern Front of World War II in a realistic and unromanticized fashion.
The movie follows a platoon of German Army soldiers as they are transferred from Italy and recent experiences in North Africa, to Russia where they ultimately find themselves unwilling participants in the Battle of Stalingrad.
The film was shot in several different locations, including Finland, Italy, and the Czech Republic.
The film is the second German attempt to portray the battle of Stalingrad in a movie. It is predated by the 1959 movie Hunde, wollt ihr ewig leben (English: Stalingrad: Dogs, Do You Want to Live Forever?)[1].
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[edit] Cast & crew
| Dominique Horwitz | Obergefreiter Fritz Reiser |
| Thomas Kretschmann | Leutnant Hans von Witzland |
| Jochen Nickel | Unteroffizier Manfred " Rollo" Rohleder |
| Sebastian Rudolph | GeGe Müller |
| Dana Vávrová | Irina |
| Martin Benrath | General Hentz |
| Sylvester Groth | Otto |
| Karel Heřmánek | Hauptmann Hermann Musk |
| Heinz Emigholz | Edgar Emigholz |
| Dieter Okras | Hauptmann Haller |
| Zdenek Vencl | Wölk |
| Mark Kuhn | Feldwebel Pflüger |
[edit] Plot details
The film begins with a group of German assault engineers enjoying leave in Italy after returning from combat deployment in North Africa. The three main characters are introduced at an awards ceremony: Leutnant von Witzland, the inexperienced and idealistic platoon leader; Unteroffizier "Rollo" Rohleder, who is refused his decoration when he arrives on parade with an unbuttoned tunic collar, and Obergefreiter "Fritzi" Reiser, whose tendency to direct talk is made evident. As the parade ends, the group is advised their unit has been ordered to the Eastern Front.
When the company arrives at Stalingrad, they pass some of the soldiers seriously wounded in the fighting. They also pass a column of Russian POWs who are being berated and beaten by Feldgendarmarie troops. When one of the POWs collapses, a guard continues beating him. Leutnant von Witzland, observing the gruesome spectacle, slips out of line and tries to stop the beating but is knocked down. As he looks on, the prostrate POW is beaten to death. Witzland gets up and protests to the Feldgendarmarie captain. The captain responds with a sadistic laugh and walks off.
A scene unique to films about the German military follows; a German Army chaplain holds a field service, at which two more characters are introduced; veteran Feldwebel Pfluger who has served at Voronezh, and Hauptmann Musk, another veteran who has lost an arm and who claims to have "absolutely no luck with my right side".
The scenes in the city attempt to capture the nature of combat in Stalingrad. In one scene, Lieutenant von Witzland's men are trapped in a building surrounded by Russians, yet neither side dares make the first move to attack. The stalemate goes on with bodies and the wounded lying in the streets. In an attempt to rescue the wounded and count the dead, the Germans propose a ceasefire between the two sides and to send out some unarmed men. Tension is high. After collecting dog tags from the dead, a Russian soldier pilfers some meat from a dead man. At the same time, Reiser produces some bread and they decide to share their prized possessions. But this moment of peace does not last long, as a shot rings out, and battle is rejoined. Similar scenes were described in William Craig's book "Enemy at the Gates" and other books detailing the real life battle.
After a tract of combat scenes, the idealism of the men fades by the time Schütze Emigholz loses a leg and dies while waiting for medical treatment. When the three main characters try to use force to get preferential treatment, they are sent to a Punishment Battalion. Here they meet "Otto", a former officer who served with Hauptmann Musk at Brest-Litovsk. He advises his new friends to tell their families they've died; he's been home and found his wife was a complete stranger to him.
The three main characters are given a chance for reinstatement when volunteers are mustered for a defensive action; the Russians have shattered the Romanian units on the flanks of the German 6th Army and the cut off Army must fight off overwhelming numbers. A detailed sequence showing a Soviet tank-infantry attack on prepared positions is shown, and the heroes of the piece earn the right to return to their unit. They are reinstated and given an unsavoury mission - taking part in an execution squad to carry out sentence on alleged civilian "saboteurs".
After the executions even von Witzland - son of a distinguished German officer - announces he no longer feels bound by his soldier's oath. An attempt by von Witzland, Reiser, and Muller to escape by faking injuries and boarding a medical flight is unsuccessful, and they are left stranded as the last German transport plane to leave Stalingrad takes off.
Brief respite comes from an airdrop, and an increasing number of unlikely coincidences involving characters from earlier in the film leads the main characters finding salvation in an abandoned warehouse. The characters die off in the last minutes of the film through suicide (Otto), succumbing to injuries (Rollo), and freezing in the snow (Witzland and Reiser).
[edit] Analysis
The film is unremittingly bleak as it depicts the soldiers as simple men caught up in circumstances beyond their control, while their superiors are shown in the usual evil way one is accustomed to seeing Wehrmacht soldiers portrayed - as strict authoritarians hungry for glory and medals[2]. The film thus had to endure some criticism in the US for implying that rank and file German soldiers were entirely blameless for Nazi atrocities during the war. For the most part, however, critical and audience reaction was highly favorable.
[edit] Awards
In 1993, the film won Bavarian Film Awards for Best Cinematography, Best Editing and Best Production. [3]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ IMDb entry for Hunde, wollt ihr ewig leben
- ^ Sarcastic remarks are made by the main characters when both Müller and Musk are shown to have received decorations for bravery/leadership.
- ^ IMDb Entry for Stalingrad
