STAT6

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Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6, interleukin-4 induced
Identifiers
Symbol(s) STAT6; D12S1644; IL-4-STAT; STAT6B; STAT6C
External IDs OMIM: 601512 MGI: 103034 HomoloGene: 2373
RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data
Orthologs
Human Mouse
Entrez 6778 20852
Ensembl ENSG00000166888 ENSMUSG00000002147
Uniprot P42226 P70383
Refseq NM_003153 (mRNA)
NP_003144 (protein)		 NM_009284 (mRNA)
NP_033310 (protein)
Location Chr 12: 55.78 - 55.79 Mb Chr 10: 127.05 - 127.06 Mb
Pubmed search [1] [2]

STAT6 is a STAT protein.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT family of transcription factors. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. This protein plays a central role in exerting IL4 mediated biological responses. It is found to induce the expression of BCL2L1/BCL-X(L), which is responsible for the anti-apoptotic activity of IL4. Knockout studies in mice suggested the roles of this gene in differentiation of T helper 2 (Th2) cells, expression of cell surface markers, and class switch of immunoglobulins.[1]

Contents

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Entrez Gene: STAT6 signal transducer and activator of transcription 6, interleukin-4 induced.

[edit] Further reading

  • Jiang H, Harris MB, Rothman P (2000). "IL-4/IL-13 signaling beyond JAK/STAT.". J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 105 (6 Pt 1): 1063–70. PMID 10856136. 
  • Kisseleva T, Bhattacharya S, Braunstein J, Schindler CW (2002). "Signaling through the JAK/STAT pathway, recent advances and future challenges.". Gene 285 (1-2): 1–24. PMID 12039028. 
  • Hou J, Schindler U, Henzel WJ, et al. (1994). "An interleukin-4-induced transcription factor: IL-4 Stat.". Science 265 (5179): 1701–6. PMID 8085155. 
  • Takeda K, Tanaka T, Shi W, et al. (1996). "Essential role of Stat6 in IL-4 signalling.". Nature 380 (6575): 627–30. doi:10.1038/380627a0. PMID 8602263. 
  • Shimoda K, van Deursen J, Sangster MY, et al. (1996). "Lack of IL-4-induced Th2 response and IgE class switching in mice with disrupted Stat6 gene.". Nature 380 (6575): 630–3. doi:10.1038/380630a0. PMID 8602264. 
  • Kotanides H, Reich NC (1996). "Interleukin-4-induced STAT6 recognizes and activates a target site in the promoter of the interleukin-4 receptor gene.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (41): 25555–61. PMID 8810328. 
  • Mikita T, Campbell D, Wu P, et al. (1996). "Requirements for interleukin-4-induced gene expression and functional characterization of Stat6.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 16 (10): 5811–20. PMID 8816495. 
  • Shen CH, Stavnezer J (1998). "Interaction of stat6 and NF-kappaB: direct association and synergistic activation of interleukin-4-induced transcription.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (6): 3395–404. PMID 9584180. 
  • Leek JP, Hamlin PJ, Bell SM, Lench NJ (1998). "Assignment of the STAT6 gene (STAT6) to human chromosome band 12q13 by in situ hybridization.". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 79 (3-4): 208–9. PMID 9605853. 
  • Mikita T, Kurama M, Schindler U (1998). "Synergistic activation of the germline epsilon promoter mediated by Stat6 and C/EBP beta.". J. Immunol. 161 (4): 1822–8. PMID 9712049. 
  • Patel BK, Keck CL, O'Leary RS, et al. (1998). "Localization of the human stat6 gene to chromosome 12q13.3-q14.1, a region implicated in multiple solid tumors.". Genomics 52 (2): 192–200. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5436. PMID 9782085. 
  • Zhu M, John S, Berg M, Leonard WJ (1999). "Functional association of Nmi with Stat5 and Stat1 in IL-2- and IFNgamma-mediated signaling.". Cell 96 (1): 121–30. PMID 9989503. 
  • McDonald C, Reich NC (1999). "Cooperation of the transcriptional coactivators CBP and p300 with Stat6.". J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 19 (7): 711–22. doi:10.1089/107999099313550. PMID 10454341. 
  • Harris MB, Chang CC, Berton MT, et al. (2000). "Transcriptional repression of Stat6-dependent interleukin-4-induced genes by BCL-6: specific regulation of iepsilon transcription and immunoglobulin E switching.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (10): 7264–75. PMID 10490661. 
  • Gupta S, Jiang M, Pernis AB (1999). "IFN-alpha activates Stat6 and leads to the formation of Stat2:Stat6 complexes in B cells.". J. Immunol. 163 (7): 3834–41. PMID 10490982. 
  • Gupta S, Jiang M, Anthony A, Pernis AB (2000). "Lineage-specific modulation of interleukin 4 signaling by interferon regulatory factor 4.". J. Exp. Med. 190 (12): 1837–48. PMID 10601358. 
  • Daniel C, Salvekar A, Schindler U (2000). "A gain-of-function mutation in STAT6.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (19): 14255–9. PMID 10747856. 
  • Arinobu Y, Sugimoto R, Akaiwa M, et al. (2000). "Augmentation of signal transducer and activation of transcription (STAT)6 and STAT3 expression in stimulated B and T cells.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 277 (2): 317–24. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.3674. PMID 11032724. 
  • Masuda A, Matsuguchi T, Yamaki K, et al. (2001). "Interleukin-15 prevents mouse mast cell apoptosis through STAT6-mediated Bcl-xL expression.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (28): 26107–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.M011475200. PMID 11369758. 

[edit] External links

v • d • e
Transcription factors and intracellular receptors
(1) Basic domains
(1.1) Basic leucine zipper (bZIP)
Activating transcription factor (AATF, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) • AP-1 (c-Fos, FOSB, FOSL1, FOSL2, c-Jun, JUNB, JUND) • BACH (1, 2) • BATF • BLZF1 • C/EBP (α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ) • CREB (1, 3, L1) • CREM • DBP • DDIT3 • GABPA • HLF • MAF (B, F, G, K) • NFE (2, L1, L2) • NRL • NRF1 • XBP1
(1.2) Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)
ATOH1 • AhR • AHRR • ARNT • ASCL1 • BHLHB2 • BMAL (ARNTL, ARNTL2) • CLOCK • EPAS1 • HAND (1, 2) • HES (5, 6) • HEY (1, 2, L) • HES1 • HIF (1A, 3A) • ID (1, 2, 3, 4) • LYL1 • MXD4 • MYCL1 • MYCN • Myogenic regulatory factors (MyoD, Myogenin, MYF5, MYF6) • Neurogenins • NeuroD (1, 2) • NPAS (1, 2, 3) • OLIG (1, 2) • Scleraxis • TAL1 • Twist • USF1
(1.3) bHLH-ZIP
MAX • MITF • MNT • MLX • MXI1 • Myc • SREBP (1, 2)
(1.6) Basic helix-span-helix (bHSH)
(2) Zinc finger
DNA-binding domains
(2.1) Nuclear receptor (Cys4)
subfamily 1 (Thyroid hormone (α, β), CAR, FXR, LXR (α, β), PPAR (α, β/δ, γ), PXR, RAR (α, β, γ), ROR (α, β, γ), Rev-ErbA (α, β), VDR) • subfamily 2 (COUP-TF (I, II), Ear-2, HNF4 (α, γ), PNR, RXR (α, β, γ), Testicular receptor (2, 4), TLX) • subfamily 3 (Steroid hormone (Estrogen (α, β), Estrogen related (α, β, γ), Androgen, Glucocorticoid, Mineralocorticoid, Progesterone)) • subfamily 4 NUR (NGFIB, NOR1, NURR1) • subfamily 5 (LRH-1, SF1) • subfamily 6 (GCNF) • subfamily 0 (DAX1, SHP)
(2.2) Other Cys4
GATA (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) • MTA (1, 2, 3)
(2.3) Cys2His2
ATBF1 • BCL(6, 11A, 11B) • CTCF • E4F1 • EGR (2, 3) • ERV3 • General transcription factors (TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF: 1, 2, TFIIH: 1, 2, 4, 2I, 3A, 3C1, 3C2) • GFI1 • GLI-Krüppel family (1, 2, 3, YY1) • HIC (1, 2) • HIVEP (1, 2, 3) • IKZF (1, 2, 3) • ILF (2, 3) • KLF (2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13) • MTF1 • MYT1 • OSR1 • Sp1 • zinc finger ((3, 7, 9, 10, 19, 22, 24, 33B, 34, 35, 41, 43, 44, 51, 74, 143, 146, 148, 165, 202, 217, 219, 238, 239, 259, 267, 268, 281, 295, 318, 330, 346, 350, 365, 366, 384, 451, 452, 471, 593, 638, 649, 655) • Zbtb7 (7A) • ZBT (16, 17, 33)
(2.4) Cys6
(2.5) Alternating composition
AIRE • DIDO1 • GRLF1 • ING (1, 2, 4) • JARID (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 2) • JMJD1B
(3) Helix-turn-helix
domains
ARX • CDX (1, 2) • CRX • CUTL1 • DLX (3, 4, 5) • EMX2 • EN (1, 2) • FHL (1, 2, 3) • HESX1 • HHEX • HLX • Homeobox (A1, A3, A4, A5, A7, A9, A10, A11, A13, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B13, C4, C5, C6, C8, C9, C10, C11, C13, D1, D3, D4, D8, D9, D10, D11, D12, D13) • HOPX • MEIS (1, 2) • MEOX2 • MNX1 • MSX (1, 2) • NANOG • NKX (2-1, 2-5, 3-1) • PHF (3, 6, 10, 17) • POU domain (PIT-1, BRN-3: 1, 2, Octamer transcription factor: 1, 2, 3/4, 6, 7) • OTX (1, 2) • PDX1
(3.2) Paired box
PAX (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
E2F (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) • FOX proteins (C1, C2, E1, G1, H1, K2, L2, M1, N3, O1A, , O3A, O4, P1, P2, P3)
HSF (1, 2, 4)
(3.5) Tryptophan clusters
ELF (4, 5) • EGF • ELK (1, 3, 4) • ERF • ERG • ETS (1, 2) • ETV (1, 4, 5, 6) • FLI1 • Interferon regulatory factors (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) • MYB • MYBL2
(3.6) TEA domain
transcriptional enhancer factor 1, 2
(4) β-Scaffold factors with
minor groove contacts
(4.1) Rel homology region
NF-κB (NFKB1, NFKB2, REL, RELA, RELB) • NFAT (C1, C2, C3, C4, 5)
(4.2) STAT
STAT (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
(4.3) p53
(4.4) MADS box
Mef2 (A, B, C, D) • SRF
HNF (1A, 1B) • LEF1 • SOX (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 18) • SRY • SSRP1
(4.10) Cold-shock domain
(4.11) Runt
(0) Other
transcription factors
(0.2) HMGI(Y)
HMGA (1, 2) • HBP1
Rb • RBL1 • RBL2
(0.5) AP-2/EREBP-related factors
Apetala 2 • EREBP • B3
(0.6) Miscellaneous
ARID (1A, 1B, 2, 3A, 3B, 4A) • CAP • IFI (16, 35) • MLL (2, 3, T1) • MNDA • NFI (A, B, C, X) • NFY (A, B, C) • Rho/Sigma • R-SMAD
v • d • e
Cell signaling: carrier proteins: adaptor proteins
STAT
STAT1 - STAT2 - STAT3 - STAT4 - STAT5 - STAT6
Interferon regulatory factors
Growth factor receptor-bound protein
other