Talk:Spaced repetition
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The classification of the available software into Free Open Source Software and Commercial looks a bit dodgy. There is closed-source non-commercial software, as well as open-source commercial software. 88.97.173.222 21:58, 12 November 2007 (UTC)
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[edit] No original research
Graph showing spaced-repetition sequences as generated by the language-learning program Gradint[1]. The horizontal axis represents time; each ellipse represents a separate sequence. The sequences shaded pink do the newest words and have the most repetitions. The shorter sequences do background revision of older words. Sequences are arranged so that a lesson can switch between them in an irregular pattern as shown by the red line. The "springs" (wavy lines) represent degrees of freedom in the sequences, which have been stretched or squashed to make that arrangement possible. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Silas S. Brown (talk • contribs) 10:04, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
The recent graph and description of spaced repetition software looks like an original representation of the problem, specific to a particular and unique computer software program, which addition is in conflict with Wikipedia's "No Original Research" or "Notability" or both. aruffo (talk) 20:16, 12 January 2008 (UTC)
I don't understand how "no original research" can apply, since this approach was not first published on Wikipedia (as cited on my website[2] I had a peer-reviewed paper in the Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction about gradint[3]), and Wikipedia:No original research has a section on "Original images" which I understand to be saying that diagrams are OK to illustrate an existing idea. As for Wikipedia:Notability, it says "Notability guidelines give guidance on whether a topic is notable enough to be included in Wikipedia as a separate article, but do not specifically regulate the content of articles". I accept that Gradint is not notable enough to warrant a separate article but I don't understand why one of its diagrams can't be used to illustrate spaced repetition, at least until such a time as somebody draws a clearer diagram by hand (which I can't do). Silas S. Brown (talk) 09:07, 17 January 2008 (UTC)
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The top part of the article should be explaining spaced repetition, not presenting the user with a complicated graph that "helpfully" mentions the software used to generate it. But said mention is not the main issue - the problem is that the graph does not make the concept of spaced repetition clearer to the user! The author of the software that generated the graph may feel that it is an adequate portrayal of spaced repetition, but I do not think it is enlightening at all. The graph on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forgetting_curve would be a much clearer choice.—Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.3.183.73 (talk • contribs)
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I was hoping that somebody would replace my graph with a better one; I only wanted to "start the ball rolling" with the best I can do (which isn't as good as what others can do I know; I have CVI so my visual skills are not great, but I was hoping for an improvement not just a deletion). Mentioning the software was besides the point (and by the way it's GPL and I don't get anything for it), sorry if that caused any problems. (I could have said "one particular piece of software" instead of "Gradint" but I thought Wikipedia prefers specific references.)
OK so who wants to put a better graph in? I'm not so sure about the graph at Forgetting curve because it does not illustrate spaced repetition; it only illustrates a forgetting curve. And I'm a bit confused by the fact that its horizontal axis is measured in days, whereas I always thought spaced repetition was dealing with timescales of minutes, as in Pimsleur where everything is done over a 30-minute lesson. The promotional graph for Pimsleur at http://www.pimsleur.com.au/images/PimsleurintervalRecall.gif illustrates spaced repetition quite nicely but (1) it's copyright (2) it's rather small and blurred (I only know what it says because I've seen the real document in a Pimsleur box) and (3) it does not show the fact that other words can be learned during the gaps. My graph was an attempt to address these 3 points, but perhaps it introduced problems of its own. Silas S. Brown (talk) 09:06, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
If you have access to JSTOR (provided by some university libraries), see also the graph on page 3 of this paper: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0026-7902(196702)51%3A2%3C73%3AAMS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-3 (A Memory Schedule, Paul Pimsleur, The Modern Language Journal, Vol. 51, No. 2 (Feb., 1967), pp. 73-75, doi:10.2307/321812) Silas S. Brown (talk) 09:42, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
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Appreciate you were trying to help, but I'm pretty sure the diagram doesn't adequately demonstrate spaced repetition. Also in Firefox it rendered at the size of my browser (1900 odd pixels big), which meant that it took up half the screen.
I do not believe that the difference between days and minutes in the diagram is of consequence. Whether the repetition is on an (ultra) short term memory basis or on a longer term basis, the concept is the same. You'll also find that most of the flashcard applications out there operate on a long term basis, rather than trying to train for short term memory.
As for demonstrating multiple cards at once - the article is on spaced repetition, not spaced repetition systems. Addressing the issue in the context of a single item of data makes sense to me.
58.3.183.73 (talk) 12:32, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
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Maybe a better graph would be something along the lines of:
item time -> #1 o o o o o o o #2 o o o x o o o x o o o o o o #3 o o o o o x o o o o #4 o x o o o o o o
where o = successful repetition, x = failed —Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.97.51.132 (talk) 04:10, 21 March 2008 (UTC)
[edit] Is spaced repetition the same as graduated interval recall?
Wikipedia's entry for Graduated interval recall was a re-direct to spaced repetition, and the spaced repetition page started off by suggesting a list of alternative names including "graduated intervals", which suggests that "spaced repetition" and "graduated-interval recall" are synonyms. Is spaced repetition really the same as graduated interval recall (as described by Pimsleur 1967 see reference above), or is graduated interval recall merely a particular type of spaced repetition? Some points in the above discussion about the graph suggest that the two terms are not the same. We need to be clearer about this. Silas S. Brown (talk) 10:29, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
[edit] the listing
just to keep this nice list alive somehow:
[edit] Computer software using spaced repetition
[edit] Free Websites
- FlashcardFriends.com Free website that combines social networking and education. Create flashcards with text, images, sounds and share them with friends, 4 learning modes, automatically generates tests and corrects them. Includes spelling flashcards.
- memorizable.com Flashcard wiki. No login required.
- You Know The Drill Any material is supported, but special features are included for languages. Use is absolutely free.
- KhatzuMemo Web-based program. Free to use. Unicode-enabled so works with multiple languages. Accessible from both PC and mobile web browsers.
[edit] Free software/Open source (FOSS)
- Anki Supports Windows, OS X, Linux, web & cell phone reviews. Any material is supported, but special features are included for Japanese. Released under the GPL.
- Gradint a cross-platform spaced-repetition system for oral second-language practice, released under the GPL
- Granule a free Open source space-repetition system. Works under Linux, Nokia 770, Windows, and GPE Palmtop Environment (handhelds). Released under the GPL.
- jMemorize An open-source Java program using the Leitner system. Released under the GPL.
- MemAid Similar to SuperMemo, but using a neural network, released under the GPL. No longer under active development.
- Memorize Word An open-source Java program using the Leitner system in fully multimedia manners. Q Public License (QPL).
- The Mnemosyne Project Heir to MemAid, released under the GPL.
- Pauker Java program using the Leitner system. Released under the GPL.
- Rememorizer A flashcard program that aids in extremely efficient memorization. Cross platform, GPL.
- Twinkle Open-source program to memorize foreign words with flash cards on PalmOS. Supports foreign fonts. Released under the GPL.
- OpenCards A free flashcard learning extension for OpenOffice.org Impress. Released under BSD license.
- toMOTko A free (GPL) flashcard program to learn foreign vocabulary for the Zaurus.
- Rememberize A Web 2.0 application for creating online flashcards with a Leitner-style learning schedule.
- A Web 2.0 testing application that claims to be "better than flashcards"
- Fresh Memory A cross-platform utility for learning foreign words with flashcards. Written with C++, uses QT library for its GUI. Available for Linux, Windows, MacOS. License: GPL 2
- Learnhanzi.com Flashcards Online Chinese characters flashcard, an Ajax application that can easily be incorporated in any website. Different levels, test-mode and learn-mode, 7000+ characters.
[edit] Commercial software
- Stackz Flash-card organizer for PC, Pocket PC and Palm with full color coded tracking of the learning progress. Highlights cards which need to be repeated based on a proficiency estimation.
- BYKI Flash-card style learning with pronunciation in 41 languages using proprietary "order-of-presentation" algorithm which aims for a "perfect recall" objective. Freeware.
- BYKI Deluxe Non-free version of BYKI (above), which includes authoring and extra activities.
- cueFlash.com
- Declan Software - Audio Flashcards Audio flashcards software for Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Russian, Arabic, Russian, German, French, Italian & Indonesian. Shareware
- Flashcard 101 Flashcard Software for your PC and Pocket PC
- Flash Card Manager Easy-to-use, optimizes your study time. Windows and Pocket PC
- Fullrecall uses artificial neural network, which gradually grasps personal memory model
- Genius A freeware flashcard program for Mac OS X (10.3 and up). Performs fuzzy answer checking and highlights errors.
- iFlash A virtual flash-card program built for Mac OS X. Unicode, audio, images, multi-sides, importing, exporting, iPod support, quick-searching.
- MemoryLifter A freeware flashcard program for Windows. Excellent features such as image, sound, and video support on flashcards. Unicode support. "Correct on the fly" forces correct answers and highlights incorrect spellings.
- Mental Case Commercial application for Mac OS X. Combines flash cards with repetitive learning, and quick data entry. Supports text and images, including built-in screen shot functionality and web-cam (iSight) capture. Flash card presentations are beautifully presented with themes and attractive transitions.
- MindBrainer A commercial spaced-learning system for the Pocket PC using 'Graduated Interval Recall' in training and spaced repetition in testing.
- ProProfs Educational flash card maker
- RecallPlus A 3d Diagrammatic Mapping tool which also tests 'FlashCard' style using spacing effect. This concept mapping hybrid is aimed at students trying to optimize learning/study time use. Won 2005-6 Esc 'peoples choice' award.
- Studycard Studio A multimedia flashcard application with spaced repetition for Mac OS and Palm OS.
- SuperMemo [4] A freeware and commercial program that uses spaced repetition.
- StudyMachine.org Create, share, study, search, & print flashcards for free online.
- studyPerfect Flashcard Software
- StudyTag A new free web application that uses spaced repetition and active recall.
- Viaverbi A new shareware flashcard based language learning program for Mac OS X. Uses a promising a spaced repetition algorithm.
- Vocabulary Assistant - Learn foreign vocabulary on your mobile phone.
- Vocabulary Trainer - Memorize foreign language vocabulary permanently.
- VTrain (Vocabulary Trainer) A spaced-learning system used in 40 universities. Shareware.
- Winflash (Winflash) Award-winning system with Leitner and several other proprietary learning modes. Use PDA, iPod or your regular computer or laptop.
- Teach2000 Freeware Windows program to memorize a foreign language. Unicode enabled.
[edit] Lists of flashcard software
[edit] Dispute over the software list
Revision 16:13, 30 November 2007 and earlier of the Spaced Repetition article contained a "Computer software using spaced repetition" section.
This section had been spamed and contained many links to commercial software and websites with no clear link to spaced repetition (most being flash card based but with no indication as to whether scheduling was done using spaced repetition or was anything more than purely random).
However it did contain links to many interesting open source projects, e.g. Mnemosyne, and to commercial products such as Supermemo whose author Piotr Wozniak is well known in the field and whose site, while commercial, provides much interesting and detailed academic discussion.
When I first looked at this article I found this list very useful in finding out who was doing what in this field. I'm sure it was also useful for those who simply wanted to find a good software application to help them with learning using spaced repetion.
Instead of pruning out the advertising links this section was completely removed in revision 16:41, 10 December 2007 by 130.113.219.231.
This removal was reverted by the User:ClueBot on the same day, then the next day the removal was redone by User:Aruffo.
Since then user User:Aruffo has reverted the subsequent readition of this list by 58.3.183.73 in revision 7:11, 19 December 2007
Following the lists removal from the article it was added by 85.180.233.22 to the article's discussion page.
I discovered this sequence of events on coming back to the article after not having looked at it since it had contained the list.
As I'd found the list useful but saw that it was clear User:Aruffo was determined to keep it out of the article I added a pointer at the bottom of the article (in revision 13:36, 26 February 2008) to the lists existence on the discussion page
My revision, in addition to the pointer to the list, included sentences that were more appropriate to the discussion page.
Instead of just removing those sentences User:Aruffo reverted my entire revision.
Following this I added a very neutral single line pointer to the lists existence in revision 22:01, 26 February 2008.
User:Aruffo reverted this as well with the comment "rv - if it belonged in the article, it wouldn't be on the discussion page". This seems somewhat circular logic as they are the person who forced the situation where the list could only exist on the discussion page.
Despite knowing it was petty (and aware of the 3 reverts rule) I reverted his revert, and he has subsequently reverted that revert.
As things stand the article no longer contains the list or any pointer to it. I feel this list is useful and unlikely to be found by casual readers unless it is in the article or there is at least a pointer to it.
While general Wikipedia policy may be against list of links I think this list is useful and I think its simple removal rather than attempting to provide equivalently useful information in a more Wikipedia acceptable form, or at least providing a link to a similar list elsewhere if its believed to be simply replicating something else (I don't think this is the case), is not constructive.
Note: IP 165.222.186.230 and 80.219.197.123 are both me - the author of this note. 165.222.186.231 (talk) 11:06, 29 February 2008 (UTC)
- You are correct to state that the links, commercial or non, are against Wiki policy. aruffo (talk) 06:03, 1 March 2008 (UTC)
- Just to add a citation for the relevant policy docs:
Wikipedia:External_links and an entry on "what wikipedia is not"[5] Particularly this bit: "Some external links are welcome (see What should be linked), but Wikipedia's purpose is not to include a comprehensive list of external links related to each topic. No page should be linked from a Wikipedia article unless its inclusion is justifiable. // The subject of this guideline is external links that are not citations of article sources. If the website or page to which you want to link includes information that is not yet a part of the article, consider using it as a source for the article, and citing it. Guidelines for sourcing, which includes external links used as citations, are discussed at Wikipedia:Reliable sources and Wikipedia:Citing sources." If you think "Supermemo whose author Piotr Wozniak is well known in the field and whose site, while commercial, provides much interesting and detailed academic discussion" then could this be worked into the article and cited? (Disclaimer: I have not read all Wikipedia policy documents) Silas S. Brown (talk) 21:14, 15 March 2008 (UTC)