Southern Short-tailed Shrew
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| Southern Short-tailed Shrew[1] | ||||||||||||||
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| Blarina carolinensis (Bachman, 1837) |
The Southern Short-tailed Shrew (Blarina carolinensis) is a small, gray, short-tailed mammal as the name implies. The overall appearance is somewhat like a rodent, but is a member of the order Soricomorpha and should not be confused with a member of the order Rodentia. This shrew has a long, pointed snout and ears that are nearly concealed by its soft dense fur. The Southern Short-tailed Shrew is found in forests and meadows where there is plentiful food and cover.
Its burrows are built in two layers, one near the surface, and a deeper one joined below it. They are often built below logs, which can be penetrated and honeycombed if the log is rotten. The Southern Short-tailed Shrew is a social animal that has been known to share its burrow systems with several individuals. The male and female live together during the prebreeding season.
The Southern Short-tailed Shrew's diet consists of insects, annelids, vegetable matter, centipedes, arachnids, mollusks, vertebrates, and crustacea, and it has been known to store snails for the winter. The saliva is venomous and is injected into the wounds of its prey by the teeth. Its venom is strong enough to kill mice, but is not lethal to humans.
The breeding season lasts from February to November, and females have two or three litters per year. The gestation period lasts from 21 to 30 days, and each litter consists of two to six young. The young are reared in nests of grasses and leaves by which entry is gained through a tunnel. These nests for the nests are much larger than their resting nest.
Known predators include snakes, hawks, owls, foxes, weasels, skunks, and cats.
[edit] References
- ^ Hutterer, Rainer (2005-11-16). in Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds): Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 269. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
- ^ Insectivore Specialist Group (1996). Blarina carolinensis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 12 May 2006. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of least concern
- The Mammals of Texas Revised Edition by David J. Schmidly
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