Solanum
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 Fruit of Solanum linnaeanum
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Some 1500-2000, see text. |
Solanum is a large, variable genus of annual plants and perennial plants, forbs, vines, sub-shrubs, shrubs, and small trees. They often have attractive fruit and flowers. They are poisonous to humans (though not necessarily to other animals), but many bear edible fruits, leaves, or tubers, and the genus includes several cultivated species, including three major food crops:
- Tomato, Solanum lycopersicum (sometimes classed as Lycopersicon esculentum)
- Potato, Solanum tuberosum
- Eggplant, Solanum melongena
Solanum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species (butterflies and moths) - see list of Lepidoptera that feed on Solanum. Recently a new section was added to the genus, section Lycopersicon containing wild tomatoes.
[edit] Selected species
- S. aculeastrum - Sodaapple nightshade
- S. adscendens - Sonoita nightshade
- S. aethiopicum - Ethiopian nightshade or nakati
- S. americanum - Purple or glossy nightshade; American black nightshade; Poroporo
- S. arcanum Wild Tomato
- S. aviculare - Poroporo
- S. bahamense - Bahama nightshade
- S. bulbocastanum - Ornamental nightshade
- S. burbankii - Wonderberry
- S. campechiense - Redberry nightshade
- S. capsicastrum - False Jerusalem cherry
- S. capsicoides - Cockroach berry
- S. cardiophyllum - Heartleaf nightshade
- S. carolinense - Apple of Sodom, Horsenettle
- S. centrale - Australian desert raisin (Kutjera)
- S. cheesmaniae
- S. chenopodioides - Goosefoot nightshade
- S. chrysotrichum - Giant devil's-fig
- S. citrullifolium - Watermelon nightshade
- S. cleistogamum - Bush Tomato
- S. clokeyi - Clokey's nightshade
- S. commersonii - Commerson's nightshade
- S. conocarpum - Marron bacoba
- S. crispum - Chilean potato vine
- S. davisensen - Davis horsenettle
- S. demissum - Dwarf wild potato
- S. dimidiatum - Torrey's nightshade
- S. diphyllum - Twinleaf nightshade
- S. donianum - Mullein nightshade
- S. douglasii - Greenspot nightshade
- S. drymophilum - Erubia
- S. dulcamara - Bittersweet
- S. elaeagnifolium - Silverleaf nightshade
- S. ellipticum - Potato bush
- S. erianthum - Mullein nightshade, Potato tree
- S. fendleri - Fendler's horsenettle
- S. ferox - Hairy-fruited eggplant, Thai hairy-fruited eggplant
- S. furcatum - Forked nightshade
- S. galapagense
- S. gayanum - Chilean nightshade
- S. gilo - Scarlet Eggplant, Gilo (Brazilian jiló)
- S. glaucum
- S. glaucophyllum - Waxyleaf nightshade
- S. gracilius - Slender nightshade
- S. haleakalense
- S. heterodoxum - Melon-leaf nightshade
- S. hindsianum - Hinds' nightshade
- S. huaylasense
- S. hyporhodium - synonym of S. sessiliflorum
- S. imcompletum
- S. incanum
- S. incompletum - Popolo ku mai
- S. integrifolium - Five-minute plant
- S. interius
- S. jamaicense - Jamaican nightshade
- S. jamesii - Wild potato
- S. jasminoides - Jasmine nightshade
- S. khasianum - Indian nightshade
- S. lanceifolium - Lanceleaf nightshade
- S. lanceolatum - Orangeberry nightshade
- S. leptosepalum - Tigna potato
- S. linnaeanum - Apple of Sodom (Hawaii)
- S. lumholtzianum - Sonoran nightshade
- S. lycocarpum - Wolf Apple, fruta-de-lobo
- S. lycopersicoides - Peruvian wolf peach
- S. lycopersicum (syn. Lycopersicon lycopersicum) - Tomato
- S. macrocarpon
- S. mammosum - Nipplefruit
- S. marginatum - White-margined nightshade
- S. mauritianum - Earleaf nightshade
- S. melanocerasum(syn. Solanum scabrum) - Garden huckleberry
- S. melongena - Eggplant
- S. mucronatum - Pepino
- S. muricatum - Pepino
- S. nelsonii - Nelson's horsenettle
- S. nigrescens - Divine nightshade
- S. nigrum - Black or blackberry nightshade
- S. nudum - Forest nightshade
- S. parishii - Parish's nightshade
- S. pericifolium
- S. persicifolium - Berengena de playa
- S. peruvianum - Peruvian Nightshade, wild tomato
- S. phureja
- S. physalifolium - Hairy nightshade
- S. pimpinellifolium - Currant tomato
- S. pinnatisectum - Tansyleaf nightshade
- S. polygamum - Cakalaka berry
- S. pseudocapsicum - Jerusalem cherry
- S. pseudogracile - Glowing nightshade
- S. ptycanthum - Eastern black nightshade
- S. paniculatum - Jurubeba
- S. pyracanthum - Porcupine Tomato - Devil's Thorn
- S. pyrifolium
- S. quadriloculatum - Bush Tomato or Wild Tomato
- S. quitoense - Naranjilla
- S. racemosum - Canker berry
- S. rantonnetii - Potato bush
- S. riedlei - Riedle's nightshade
- S. robustum - Shrubby nightshade
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- S. rostratum - Texas thistle or Buffalo bur
- S. rugosum - Tabacon aspero
- S. sandwicense - Hawaii horsenettle
- S. sarrachoides - Green nightshade
- S. seaforthianum - Brazilian nightshade
- S. sessiliflorum - Cocona
- S. sisymbrifolium - Sticky nightshade; fire-and-ice
- S. surattense
- S. tampicense - Wetland nightshade
- S. tenuilobatum - San Diego nightshade
- S. tenuipes - Fancy nightshade
- S. torvum - Devil's fig
- S. triflorum - Cutleaf nightshade
- S. trilobatum
- S. triquetrum - Texas nightshade
- S. tuberosum - Potato
- S. umbelliferum - Bluewitch nightshade
- S. viarum - Tropical soda apple
- S. villosum - Hairy nightshade
- S. viride - Green nightshade. Cultivar from Fiji: S. anthropophagorum
- S. wallacei - Wallace's nightshade, Catalina Nightshade
- S. wendlandii - Giant potatocreeper
- S. woodburyi - Woodbury's nightshade
- S. xanti - Purple nightshade
S. chrysotrichum has been shown to be an effective treatment for Seborrhoeic dermatitis.[2]
[edit] References
[edit] External links
- Solanaceae Source - A worldwide taxonomic monograph of all species in the genus Solanum.
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