Sodium-iodide symporter

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Solute carrier family 5 (sodium iodide symporter), member 5

Identifiers

External IDs

OMIM: 601843 MGI: 2149330 HomoloGene: 37311

Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• transporter activity • sodium:iodide symporter activity • iodide transmembrane transporter activity • symporter activity • sodium ion binding
Cellular Component:	• membrane • integral to membrane
Biological Process:	• ion transport • sodium ion transport

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

Refseq

NM_000453 (mRNA)
NP_000444 (protein)

NM_053248 (mRNA)
NP_444478 (protein)

Location

Chr 19: 17.84 - 17.87 Mb

Chr 8: 73.81 - 73.82 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

The sodium-iodide symporter is an ion pump that transports Iodide (I-) into thyroid epithelial cells. This is an important step in the process of iodide organification and the formation of triiodothyronine (T₃) and thyroxine (T₄). This pump is the target of certain anion based inhibitors such as perchlorate, pertechnate, and thiocyanate.

The pump symports two Sodium ions for every Iodide ion. This symporter is driven by low internal sodium concentration in the thryroid epithelial cells, via facilitated diffusion, caused by the Sodium/Potassium ATPase pump.

The sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), a member of the sodium/solute symporter family, actively transports iodide across the basolateral plasma membrane of the thyroid follicular cells.[supplied by OMIM]^[1]

The symporter is stimulated by TSH, thereby increasing iodine uptake and iodination of tyrosine^[2].

1 See also
2 References
3 Further reading
4 External links

[edit] See also

[edit] References

^ Entrez Gene: SLC5A5 solute carrier family 5 (sodium iodide symporter), member 5.
^ Silencing of the tumor suppressor gene SLC5A8 is associated with BRAF mutations in classical papillary thyroid carcinomas, Porra et al, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (2005), PMID: 15687339

[edit] Further reading

Fukushima K, Kaneko CR, Fuchs AF (1992). "The neuronal substrate of integration in the oculomotor system.". Prog. Neurobiol. 39 (6): 609–39. PMID 1410443.
De La Vieja A, Dohan O, Levy O, Carrasco N (2000). "Molecular analysis of the sodium/iodide symporter: impact on thyroid and extrathyroid pathophysiology.". Physiol. Rev. 80 (3): 1083–105. PMID 10893432.
Dohán O, De la Vieja A, Paroder V, et al. (2003). "The sodium/iodide Symporter (NIS): characterization, regulation, and medical significance.". Endocr. Rev. 24 (1): 48–77. PMID 12588808.
Kogai T, Taki K, Brent GA (2007). "Enhancement of sodium/iodide symporter expression in thyroid and breast cancer.". Endocr. Relat. Cancer 13 (3): 797–826. doi:10.1677/erc.1.01143. PMID 16954431.
Riesco-Eizaguirre G, Santisteban P (2006). "A perspective view of sodium iodide symporter research and its clinical implications.". Eur. J. Endocrinol. 155 (4): 495–512. doi:10.1530/eje.1.02257. PMID 16990649.
Libert F, Passage E, Lefort A, et al. (1991). "Localization of human thyrotropin receptor gene to chromosome region 14q3 by in situ hybridization.". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 54 (1-2): 82–3. PMID 2249482.
Albero R, Cerdan A, Sanchez Franco F (1988). "Congenital hypothyroidism from complete iodide transport defect: long-term evolution with iodide treatment.". Postgraduate medical journal 63 (746): 1043–7. PMID 3451231.
Couch RM, Dean HJ, Winter JS (1985). "Congenital hypothyroidism caused by defective iodide transport.". J. Pediatr. 106 (6): 950–3. PMID 3998954.
Smanik PA, Liu Q, Furminger TL, et al. (1996). "Cloning of the human sodium lodide symporter.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 226 (2): 339–45. PMID 8806637.
Fujiwara H, Tatsumi K, Miki K, et al. (1997). "Congenital hypothyroidism caused by a mutation in the Na+/I- symporter.". Nat. Genet. 16 (2): 124–5. doi:10.1038/ng0697-124. PMID 9171822.
Smanik PA, Ryu KY, Theil KS, et al. (1997). "Expression, exon-intron organization, and chromosome mapping of the human sodium iodide symporter.". Endocrinology 138 (8): 3555–8. PMID 9231811.
Saito T, Endo T, Kawaguchi A, et al. (1997). "Increased expression of the Na+/I- symporter in cultured human thyroid cells exposed to thyrotropin and in Graves' thyroid tissue.". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82 (10): 3331–6. PMID 9329364.
Pohlenz J, Medeiros-Neto G, Gross JL, et al. (1997). "Hypothyroidism in a Brazilian kindred due to iodide trapping defect caused by a homozygous mutation in the sodium/iodide symporter gene.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 240 (2): 488–91. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7594. PMID 9388506.
Matsuda A, Kosugi S (1998). "A homozygous missense mutation of the sodium/iodide symporter gene causing iodide transport defect.". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82 (12): 3966–71. PMID 9398697.
Pohlenz J, Rosenthal IM, Weiss RE, et al. (1998). "Congenital hypothyroidism due to mutations in the sodium/iodide symporter. Identification of a nonsense mutation producing a downstream cryptic 3' splice site.". J. Clin. Invest. 101 (5): 1028–35. PMID 9486973.
Venkataraman GM, Yatin M, Ain KB (1998). "Cloning of the human sodium-iodide symporter promoter and characterization in a differentiated human thyroid cell line, KAT-50.". Thyroid 8 (1): 63–9. PMID 9492156.
Levy O, Ginter CS, De la Vieja A, et al. (1998). "Identification of a structural requirement for thyroid Na+/I- symporter (NIS) function from analysis of a mutation that causes human congenital hypothyroidism.". FEBS Lett. 429 (1): 36–40. PMID 9657379.
Fujiwara H, Tatsumi K, Miki K, et al. (1998). "Recurrent T354P mutation of the Na+/I- symporter in patients with iodide transport defect.". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83 (8): 2940–3. PMID 9709973.
Kosugi S, Inoue S, Matsuda A, Jhiang SM (1998). "Novel, missense and loss-of-function mutations in the sodium/iodide symporter gene causing iodide transport defect in three Japanese patients.". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83 (9): 3373–6. PMID 9745458.

[edit] External links

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v • d • e Membrane transport protein: ion pumps

Symporter, Cotransporter	Na+/K+/2Cl- - Na/Pi3 - Na+/Cl- - Na/glucose - Na+/I- - Cl-/K+ (4, 5)

Antiporter (exchanger)	Na+/H+ - Na+/Ca2+ (Na+/(Ca2+-K+)) - Cl-/HCO3- (Band 3) - Cl-formate exchanger - Cl-oxalate exchanger

ATPase	Cu++ - Ca+ (SERCA-ATP2A2, Plasma membrane) - Na+/K+ - H+/K+ - ATP synthase - H+ (F-type) - H+ (V-type)

Other	Uniporter - Halorhodopsin - Proton pump

v • d • e Membrane proteins, carrier proteins: membrane transport proteins

ABC-transporter	A1, A2, A3, A4, A7, A8, A12, B1 B2-3, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B9, B11 C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C8, C8-9, C10, C13, C11 D1, D2, D3, D4, E1, F1, F2 G1, G2, G4, Sterolin (G5, G8)

Solute carrier	1A1-7, 1A1, 1A2, 1A3, 1A4, 1A5, 2A1, 2A2, 2A3, 2A4, 2A5, 2A6, 2A8, 2A9, 2A10, 2A12, 3A1, 3A2, 4A1, 4A2, 4A3, 4A4, 4A5, 4A7, 4A8, 4A11, 5A1-2, 5A1, 5A3, 5A5, 5A8, 6A1, 6A2, 6A3, 6A4, 6A5, 6A8, 6A9, 6A19, 7A1, 7A2, 7A3, 7A4, 7A5, 7A7, 7A8, 7A9, 7A11, 8A1-3, 9A1, 9A2, 9A3, 9A3R1, 9A3R2, 9A5, 9A6, 9A8, 10A1, 10A2, 10A3, 10A7, 11A1, 11A2, 11A3, 12A1-2, 12A3, 12A4, 12A5, 12A6, 12A7, 14A1, 13A3, 14A2, 15A1, 15A2, 16A1, 16A2, 16A3, 16A4, 17A1, 17A5, 17A6-8, 17A7, 18A1, 18A2, 18A3, 19A1, 19A2, 19A3, 20A1, 20A2, 22A1, 22A2, 22A3, 22A4, 22A5, 22A6, 22A7, 22A9, 22A11, 22A12, 22A18, 23A1, 23A2, 24A1-2, 24A5, 25A1, 25A3, 25A4, 25A4-6, 25A8, 25A10, 25A11, 25A12, 25A13, 25A14, 25A15, 25A17, 25A19, 25A20, 25A27, 25A31, 25A37, 25A39, 26A2, 26A3, 26A4, 26A5, 26A6, 26A7, 26A8, 27A1, 27A2, 27A3, 27A4, 28A1, 28A2, 29A1, 29A2, 29A4, 30A4, 30A7, 30A8, 31A1, 31A2, 32A1, 34A1, 34A2, 34A3, 35A1, 35A2, 35B2, 35B4, 35C1, 36A1, 37A4, 38A2, 38A3, 39A1, 39A2, 39A3, 39A4, 39A6, 39A7, 40A1, 43A1 44A1, 44A2, 44A4, 45A2, O1A2, O1B1, O1B3, O2B1, O431, O4A1

Monosaccharide	GLUT1, GLUT2, GLUT3, GLUT4, GLUT5, GLUT6, GLUT8, GLUT9

Other	Amino acid (CD98) - Fatty acid (CD36) - Ion channels - Ion pumps - Mitochondrial membrane transport protein - Neurotransmitter transport proteins - Nuclear (Importin, Karyopherin)