Image:Snellen06.png

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Wikimedia Commons logo This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons. The description on its description page there is shown below.
Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. You can help.

[edit] Opis

Snellen chart, ILLUSTRATIVE ONLY, NOT SUITABLE FOR VISION TESTING

Almost certainly public domain (from en wiki).

This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years or less.

This particular image is not a direct reproduction of any commercially available chart. It is derived from a very small reproduction that appears on p. 117 of "Big Secrets" by William Poundstone. "Big Secrets" is ©1983 by William Poundstone. No source is given for the chart, and it is not included among the many permissions acknowledgements that appear on the copyright page. This image has been extensively edited by Daniel P. B. Smith; in particular, all of the optotypes on lines 1 through 8 have been reworked.

Because the original Snellen chart was devised in 1862, and because I have not seen a copyright notice on Poundstone's or any other Snellen chart—even variations—I believe that this and all Snellen charts are in the public domain.

The optotypes in this chart are not precisely correct in their geometry or spacing, and the chart, even if enlarged to the proper size and viewed at the proper distance, is not appropriate for vision testing.

On the principle that an encyclopedia article should be accurate, this illustration presents the same letters in the same order as the traditional Snellen chart. Inexpensive Snellen wall charts are sometimes used for rough evaluation, as in the office of a primary-care physician. In any situations where visual acuity is being evaluated carefully, equipment capable of presenting a variety of letter arrangements is used. Vision testing devices in motor vehicle license offices, or in any situation where there is a concern that the examinee might attempt to deceive the examiner, do not use this sequence of letters.

[edit] Licensing

This is a faithful photographic reproduction of an original two-dimensional work of art. The original image comprising the work of art itself is in the public domain for the following reason:
Public domain This image (or other media file) is in the public domain because its copyright has expired.

This applies to the United States, Canada, the European Union and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 70 years.


Note that a few countries have copyright terms longer than 70 years: Mexico has 100 years, Colombia has 80 years, and Guatemala and Samoa have 75 years. This image may not be in the public domain in these countries, which moreover do not implement the rule of the shorter term. Côte d'Ivoire has a general copyright term of 99 years and Honduras has 75 years, but they do implement that rule of the shorter term.


العربية | Asturianu | Български | Català | Česky | Dansk | Deutsch | English | Ελληνικά | Esperanto | Español | Euskara | فارسی | Français | Gaeilge | Galego | עברית | हिन्दी | Bahasa Indonesia | Italiano | 日本語 | 한국어 | Kurdî / كوردی | Lietuvių | Magyar | Nederlands | ‪Norsk (nynorsk)‬ | Bahasa Melayu | Polski | Português | Română | Русский | Slovenčina | Slovenščina | Shqip | Suomi | Sámegiella | Türkçe | ‪中文(简体)‬ | ‪中文(繁體)‬ | 粵語 | +/-

Under United States copyright law, originality of expression is necessary for copyright protection, and a mere photograph of an out-of-copyright work may not be protected under U.S.copyright law. This photograph was taken in the U.S. or in another country where a similar rule applies (for a list of allowable countries, see Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag#Country-specific rules).
This photographic reproduction is therefore also in the public domain.

العربية | Česky | Deutsch | English | Ελληνικά | Español | فارسی | Français | עברית | Bahasa Indonesia | Italiano | 日本語 | 한국어 | Magyar | Nederlands | Polski | Português | Română | Русский | Slovenščina | Српски / Srpski | Basa Sunda | Türkçe | Українська | ‪中文(繁體)‬ | ‪中文(简体)‬ | +/-

This diagram image should be recreated using vector graphics as an SVG file. This has several advantages; see Commons:Media for cleanup for more information. If an SVG form of this image is already available, please upload it. After uploading an SVG, replace this template with template {{Vector version available|new image name.svg}} in this image.

العربية | Български | Català | Česky | Dansk | Deutsch | English | Esperanto | Español | Français | 한국어 | Italiano | Magyar | Lietuvių | Nederlands | 日本語 | Polski | Português | Română | Русский | Suomi | Svenska | Türkçe | Українська | Tiếng Việt | ‪中文(繁體)‬ | ‪中文(简体)‬ | +/-

File history

Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.

Date/TimeDimensionsUserComment
current11:59, 23 December 2006454×611 (34 KB)Kauczuk (Snellen chart, ILLUSTRATIVE ONLY, NOT SUITABLE FOR VISION TESTING Almost certainly public domain (from en wiki). This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life )
The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed):