Small nucleolar RNA SNORD15

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Small nucleolar RNA SNORD15
Template:Abbreviation
Type: Gene; snRNA; guide; CD-box;
2° structure: Predicted; PFOLD; Griffiths-Jones SR, Daub J
Seed alignment: Griffiths-Jones SR; Plant snoRNA database, PubMed
Avg length: 113.1 nucleotides
Avg identity: 63%

SNORD15 (also known as U15) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

U15 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs[1]. U15 is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue A3764 [2][3].

In humans there are two closely related copies of the U15 snoRNA (called SNORD15A and SNORD15B). They are both encoded in the introns of the ribosomal protein S3 [4]. In Xenopus laevis it is located within the introns of ribosomal protein S1 [5]

snoR75 from Arabidopsis thaliana[6] and homologues in rice Oryza sativa and other plants are alternatively known as U15, and, despite a significantly shorter sequence length, appear to be related [7].

[edit] References

  1. ^ Galardi, S; Fatica A, Bachi A, Scaloni A, Presutti C, Bozzoni I (2002). "Purified box C/D snoRNPs are able to reproduce site-specific 2'-O-methylation of target RNA in vitro". Mol Cell Biol 22: 6663–6668. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.19.6663-6668.2002. PMID 12215523. 
  2. ^ Kiss-László Z, Henry Y, Bachellerie JP, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Kiss T (1996). "Site-specific ribose methylation of preribosomal RNA: a novel function for small nucleolar RNAs". Cell 85 (7): 1077–88. PMID 8674114. 
  3. ^ Lestrade, L; Weber MJ (2006). "snoRNA-LBME-db, a comprehensive database of human H/ACA and C/D box snoRNAs". Nucleic Acids Res. 34: D158–D162. doi:10.1093/nar/gkj002. PMID 16381836. 
  4. ^ Tycowski KT, Shu MD, Steitz JA (1993). "A small nucleolar RNA is processed from an intron of the human gene encoding ribosomal protein S3". Genes Dev. 7 (7A): 1176–90. PMID 8319909. 
  5. ^ Pellizzoni L, Crosio C, Campioni N, Loreni F, Pierandrei-Amaldi P (1994). "Different forms of U15 snoRNA are encoded in the introns of the ribosomal protein S1 gene of Xenopus laevis". Nucleic Acids Res. 22 (22): 4607–13. PMID 7984408. 
  6. ^ Barneche F, Gaspin C, Guyot R, Echeverría M (2001). "Identification of 66 box C/D snoRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana: extensive gene duplications generated multiple isoforms predicting new ribosomal RNA 2'-O-methylation sites". J. Mol. Biol. 311 (1): 57–73. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.4851. PMID 11469857. 
  7. ^ Brown JW, Echeverria M, Qu LH, et al (2003). "Plant snoRNA database". Nucleic Acids Res. 31 (1): 432–5. PMID 12520043. 

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