Image:Signal transduction pathways.jpg

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--> = stimulation --| = inhibition

Pathways involved:

Growth factors

-->RTK Receptor tyrosine kinase

-->Grb2, SOS Son of Sevenless

-->Ras

-->Raf

-->MEK MAPK/ERK kinase

-->MAPK --> Jun, Mad:Max

-->ERK

-->Fos C-fos

MEK --> MEKK

--> Myc:Max

PLC phospholipase C

-->PKC protein kinase c

-->Raf

Ras

-->Cdc42

-->Rac

-->Rho

Mos c-Mos

-->MEK MAPK/ERK kinase

ECM Extracellular matrix

-->Integrins

Integrins

-->Cdc42

-->PI3K

-->Rac

-->JNK

-->Jun

Integrins

-->FAK Src

-->Cas CRK-associated substrate

-->CRK

Integrins

-->Fyn Shc Src homology 2 domain-containing

-->Ras

MKKs

-->JNKs

Hormones

e.g.

bombesin

-->7TM-receptor

-->G-prot G-protein

-->Ras, PI3K, Ad cycl Adenylate cyclase

-->PKA protein kinase A

-->CREB

e.g.

estrogen

-->NHR

Survival factors

e.g.

IGF1

-->RTK Receptor tyrosine kinase

-->PI3K

-->PKC Protein kinase C

-->NF-kB

PI3K

-->Akt

-->Akka Akk-alpha

-->IκB

-->NF-kB

Cytokines

-->Cytokine R Cytokine-Receptor

-->Jaks

-->Stats

-->Bcl XL

--|cytochrome c

Abnormality sensor

e.g.

Bim

-->Mt Mitochondria

-->cytochrome c

-->casp9 caspase 9

-->apoptosis

Akt

--|Bad Bcl-2-associated death promoter

--> Mt Mitochondria

Decoy Receptor

--|Death factors

e.g.

FasL Fas ligand

-->Fas

-->FADD

-->caspase 8

-->apoptosis

caspase 8

-->Bld

-->Mt Mitochondria

-->apoptosis

FAP Fas-associated phosphatase

--|Fas

Changes in gene expression

-->ARF

--|MDM2

--|p53

-->Bax

-->Mt Mitochondria

-->apoptosis

Antigrowth factors

e.g.

TGFβ

-->TGFβR TGFβ receptors

-->Smads

-->p15, p27]], p21

p15

--|cycl D Cyclin D CDK4 Cyclin-dependent kinase 4

--|Rb Retinoblastoma protein

--|E2F

p21

--|cycl E Cyclin E CDK2 Cyclin-dependent kinase 2

HPVE7 --|Rb Retinoblastoma protein

Hedgehog

-->Patched

-->Smoothened

-->Gil

-->Changes in gene expression

Sufu

--> Gil

Wnt

-->Frizzled

-->Dishevelled

-->GSK-3β

-->APC

-->β-catenin

β-catenin + TCF T-cell factor

--> Gene expression

Painted by Mikael Häggström

[edit] References

Molecular cell biology. Lodish, Harvey F. 5. ed. : - New York : W. H. Freeman and Co., 2003, 973 s. b ill. ISBN: 0-7167-4366-3

[edit] Licensing

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File history

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	Date/Time	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	23:11, 22 March 2007	1,858×1,364 (850 KB)	Roadnottaken (Talk | contribs)	(updated version of old figure. self-made in illustrator.)
	23:09, 22 March 2007	1,858×1,364 (1.41 MB)	Roadnottaken (Talk | contribs)	(updated version of previous figure. self-made in illustrator.)
	23:08, 22 March 2007	1,858×1,364 (1.41 MB)	Roadnottaken (Talk | contribs)	(updated version of previous figure. self-made in Illustrator.)
	16:01, 13 March 2007	1,173×711 (171 KB)	Mikael Häggström (Talk | contribs)	(--> = stimulation --| = inhibition Pathways involved: Growth factors -->RTK Receptor tyrosine kinase -->Grb2, SOS Son of Sevenless -->Ras -->Raf -->MEK MAPK/ERK kinase -->[[MAPK)

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Orientation	Normal
Horizontal resolution	150 dpi
Vertical resolution	150 dpi
Software used	Adobe Photoshop CS2 Windows
File change date and time	16:10, 22 March 2007
Color space	65535