Shutdown (computing)
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To shutdown a computer is to turn its power off.
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[edit] Mac OS X
In Mac OS X the computer can be shut down by choosing "Shut Down…" from the Apple Menu or by pressing the power key to bring up the power management dialog box. An administrator may also use the Unix shutdown command as well.
[edit] Windows XP
In Microsoft Windows, a PC or server is shut down by selecting the Shutdown item from the Start menu on the desktop. Options include shutting down the system and powering off, automatically restarting the system after shutting down, or putting the system into stand-by mode. There is also a shutdown command that can be executed within a command shell window.
[edit] Unix
In Unix, the shutdown command can be used to turn off or reboot a computer. Only the superuser can shut the system down.
One commonly issued form of this command is shutdown -h now, which will shut down a system immediately. Another one is shutdown -r now to reboot. Another form allows the user to specify an exact time or a delay before shutdown: shutdown -h 20:00 will turn the computer off at 8:00 PM, and shutdown -r -t 60 will automatically reboot the machine within 60 seconds (one minute) of issuing the command.
The complete syntax of the Linux version of the command is:
usage: shutdown [-akrhfnc] [-t secs] time [message]
-a use /etc/shutdown.allow
-k don't really shutdown, only warn
-r reboot after shutdown
-h halt after shutdown
-f do a 'fast' reboot (skip fsck)
-F force fsck on reboot
-n do not go through "init" but go down real fast
-c cancel a running shutdown
-t secs delay between warning and kill signal
