Short block

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This is a Toyota 3S-GTE engine shortblock on an engine stand waiting to be cleaned.
This is a Toyota 3S-GTE engine shortblock on an engine stand waiting to be cleaned.
The same engine after cleaning. Fouling can be removed with a wire brush and the surface is then polished with a very fine sandpaper.
The same engine after cleaning. Fouling can be removed with a wire brush and the surface is then polished with a very fine sandpaper.

Short block is an automotive term describing an engine sub-assembly.

A short block is the portion of the engine block below the head gasket but above the oil pan. A flathead engine will also include the cam and valvetrain. The overhead valve style of engine will not include the aforementioned parts on the shortblock. A shortblock is usually purchased to upgrade the water jacket, piston size or bore. Assemblies typically include the crankshaft installed and balanced along with the main bearing.

A short block is considered destroyed when it either warps or cracks.

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