Short Springbok
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| Springbok I / II / Chamois | |
|---|---|
| Type | Two-seater biplane |
| Manufacturer | Short Brothers |
| Designed by | Oswald Short |
| Maiden flight | S.3 (Springbok I): 19 April 1923 S.3a (Springbok II): 25 March 1925 S.3b (Chamois): 14 March 1927 |
| Primary user | Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment (A&AEE), Martlesham Heath |
| Number built | 2 (S.3 Springbok I) 3 (S.3b Springbok II) 1 (S.3b Chamois) |
The Short Springbok was a two-seat, all-metal reconnaissance biplane produced for the British Air Ministry in the 1920s. Altogether six aircraft in the Springbok were built but none entered service with the armed forces.
Contents |
[edit] Design
The Springbok fuselage was of streamlined monocoque construction mounted on the lower wing and almost filling the gap between the upper and lower wings. The wings were single-bay, of unequal span and unequal chord, constructed of steel spars with an aluminum (S.3/3a Springbok) / fabric covering (S.3b Chamois). The ailerons were on the upper wing only. The crew of two sat in tandem open cockpits, with a cut-out in the upper mainplane for the pilot's head; the observer/gunner sat behind the pilot, just behind the upper wing. The tail unit comprised a braced monoplane tail at top of fuselage with a single fin and rudder. The undercarriage was of the cross-axle type, situated under the nose and complemented by a tail skid at the rear.
[edit] History
The Springbok traces its history from the pioneering, all-metal Short Silver Streak, which was exhibited at the Olympia Aero Show in 1920. The Air Ministry had purchased the Silver Streak and subjected it to structural tests for two years at R.A.E., Farnborough. When in due course the Air Ministry issued a "Bristol Fighter-replacement" Specification 19/21, Short Brothers contracted to deliver two S.3 Springbok I two-seat reconnaissance biplanes (J6974 and J6975).
Powered by a 400 hp Bristol Jupiter IV radial engine, the S.3 Springbok I was a truly all-metal aircraft, with a duralumin monococque fuselage and two-bay, equal-span wings. The strength/weight factor of the mainplanes was disappointing and the Air Ministry ordered three more Springboks with lighter, fabric-covered wings attached directly to the lower fuselage and a redesigned tail assembly. The first of these S.3a Springbok IIs (numbered J7925-J7927) was flown by Shorts' Chief Test Pilot J. Lankester Parker at the Isle of Grain on 25 March 1925.
The S.3b Chamois was produced in response to Specification 30/24 (as was the Vickers Vespa). The airframe of the first Springbok II (J7295) was adapted to take the more powerful 450 hp Jupiter VI. Its first flight took place at Lympne aerodrome on 14 March 1927, also flown by Lankester Parker.
The tests, from 27 April 1927 by Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment (A&AEE), then at Martlesham Heath, determined that its performance was disappointing and the only prototype was scrapped.
[edit] Operators
[edit] Specifications (Springbok)
Data from British Aircraft Directory[1]
General characteristics
- Crew: 2
- Length: 26 ft 11 in (8.20 m)
- Wingspan: 42 ft 0 in (12.8 m)
- Height: ()
- Wing area: 463 ft² (43 m²)
- Loaded weight: 4,080 lb (1,850 kg)
- Powerplant: 1× Bristol Jupiter IV air-cooled radial engine, 400 hp (300 kW)
Performance
- Maximum speed: 105 knots (121 mph, 195 km/h)
Armament
- Guns: 1× 0.303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis Gun
[edit] References
- ^ Short Springbok. British Aircraft Directory. Retrieved on 2007-01-18.
- Meynders, Ton (9 November 2005). forum post re Short Chamois Airwarfare forum post. Retrieved on 2007-01-18.
[edit] See also
Related development
- Short Silver Streak
Related lists
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