Sholiyarkal
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Sholiyarkal this includes Brahmins and Vellalars of Chola Dynasty :
Cōļiya kula antaṇa (சோழிய குல அந்தணர்) are group of Brahmins and are mainly Purohits, Advisers to the King, Landlords, Astrologers , Temple Priests and Many are Carnatic musicians. These group is one of the oldest Pancha-Dravida Brahmins.Brahmins during those days being referred to as anthanar, chaturvedins, or somayajin, sarvakratuyajin , Nambis, Brahmarayan and Amatyar.
Cōļiya vēḷāḷa (சோழிய வேளாளர்) are the group of Non Brahmins-sudra who were Farmers, Warriors, Landlords. These People are also Very good Horse riders and worked in Kings Court .Vellalars are the Land Lords of the Chola kingdom and also Generals for various Army factions in Chola Kingdom. Vellalar in pure Tamil represents a farmer.
[edit] Choliya Brahmins
Choliya brahmins believe themselves to be the kin of Chanakya (Kutiliya).
They Broadly divided into Choliya Iyers, Choliya Iyengars and Choliya Vellalars.
Choliya Iyers
This is one of the prominent groups of Iyer-brahamins in Tamilnadu in the Chola kingdom especially around Kumbakonamand Trichy. They are further divided into Two. They are Nine villagers (ōnpatu kirāmattār, ஓன்பது கிராமத்தார் ) and Eighteen villagers (18 kirāmattār, கிராமத்தார்).
Nine villagers ((ōņpatu kirāmattār, ஓன்பது கிராமத்தார் ):
Purva Sikha Choliyal (Mun`kuţumi, முன்குடுமி):
- Thilli chidabaram (muvāyiravar, முவாயிரவர்) Dikshitar
- ThiruvAnaikoil (āyiravar, ஆயிரவர்) Pandithar
- Avadaiyarkoil (muņņūrṛiōruvar, முன்னூற்றிஓருவர்) Nambiyar
- Woraiyur (virupashipuram)
Urvat Sikha Choliyal (Uchikudumi, உச்சிகுடுமி)
- Thirukkatiyoor
- Madalur
- Visalur
- Puthalur
- Senganur
It is said that on the desire of Lord Muruga some of these choliyal went to Tiruchendur and Thiruperangundram in the Pandya kingdom, and settled there to be called the Pandimars.
These People are held to have been the first to be taken by Lord Parasurama to Kerala, when it was formed by him. These People now called as (illa Mana) Nambhoodri distinguish from other groups of nambhoodri who are held to have migrated from Karnataka and Andhra pradesh.
Eighteen villagers (18 kirāmattār, 18 கிராமத்தார்):
Sama veda choliya's , had been found in the Eighteen villages about 400 families of around Cauvery banks of Trichy And Thanjavur during the Chola reign. Later, around 1234 A.D they migrated to Kerala. They are found in the villages of palakkad(palghat), especially in the villages of Kodunthirapully Agraharam, Ahaliyapandiyapuram. A few are also found in Nagercoil and Suchindrum. These people are especially Talavakara Sakha of the Sama Veda and they are mainly from Anbil, Kidamangalam, llayattangudi, Sesamulail, Sendalai, Tirunangur. Others who stayed in the banks of Cauvery adopted Srivaishnavam. These people are also Purva sikha choliyal.
They all follow the Vedic culture and they mostly follow the advaita of Adi Shankara. According to Chandrashekarendra Saraswati, Paramacharaya of Kanchi, in Deivathin Kural Part 5, Adishankaracharya's forefathers were Sholiyar.
Chozhiya Iyengars.
There is another group of sholiyar,who adopted Srivaishnavam, which is also further divided into Two:
One is around the seven villages (ēļū kirāmam, ஏழூ கிராமம்) of Trichy.These include Yeavur, Kariyamanikam, Killiyanallur, Anthanallur, Puthur, Thruvellrai,Thitukkotiyur, Papakurichi, Uttamasili and Maanakaal(Anbil). Both PURVA SIKHA and URVAT SIKHAare common.
Another is found in seven villages (ēļū kirāmam, ஏழூ கிராமம்) of around ThirunelvalliThese include Villages like Alvar Tirunagari, Tentirupperai (Tenkalai Vaisnavas) and Watrap; and at Karamanai and Tiruvettar near Trivandrum, .These people have PURVA SIKHA.
These Brahmanas are mostly Thenkalai and they follow Vishishtadvaita of Ramanuja. This group are Vaishnavites. All Brahmin Alvars, such as Madhurakavaialwar,Uyyakondanar,Thirukottiyur Nambi,Tondar adi podi Alvar were Choliyal. Periya Alwar was Thenkali Sholiyar. Sri Ramanuja's guru Thirukkoshtiyur Nambi, was a Sozhia.
[edit] Chozia Vellalar
Vellalars are a prominent community of people in Tamil Nadu, neighbouring Kerala and parts of Sri Lanka, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Chozia Vellalar are the people of Chola Country who were greater Land Lords in the Chola Kingdom.
They were also the Great Warrior Clan of Chola and leaded crucial war for Chola Kings as Generals of Chola Army.
A theory derives the word from Vel, to win to control, to take, as well as a lance, an old and archaic Tamil weapon. Supposedly cultivation in South Asia was spread by force, people would move out into virgin land, which was used by hunter gatherer or tribal people for slash and burn agriculture or for hunting and convert into prime agricultural land.[1]
This was an honorific title of select few people who would organize such raids and settlements like chiefs who were also called as Vel which spread to all including that of all Ulavar which is Tamil for farmer, the actual Tamil name for cultivators. Today everybody uses it but once it was restricted to village headman or founding chief's lineage. (see also Velama)[1]
At present the Prominent presence of Cholia Vellalar can be found in most of the districts of Tamil Nadu.
Many Nayanmars have hailed from the Cholia Vellalar sect.
Many Freedom fighters are belong to this group.
[edit] Uniqueness of Both Castes
This People lived only in TamilNadu,They are royal and sincere peoples in the court of Cholakings, these people live in nearby streets. This is evident in Woraiyur which is Capital of cholas. Both of them are true lovers of Tamil culture, in spite of caste differences they live as Brothers and Sisters.
