SGI Origin 3000 and Onyx 3000

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The Origin 3000 and the Onyx 3000 is a family of mid-range and high-end computers developed and manufactured by SGI. The Origin 3000 is a server, while the Onyx 3000 is a visualization system. Both systems were introduced in July 2000 to succeed the Origin 2000 and the Onyx2 respectively. These systems ran the IRIX 6.5 Advanced Server Environment operating system. Entry-level variants of these systems based on the same architecture but with a different hardware implementation is known as the Origin 300 the Onyx 300. The Origin 3000 was succeeded by the Altix 3000 in 2004 and the last model was discontinued on 29 December 2006, while the Onyx 3000 was succeeded by the Onyx4 and the Itanium-based Prism in 2004 and the last model was discontinued on 25 March 2005.

Contents 1 Origin 3000 1.1 Models 1.1.1 Special 1.2 Hardware description 1.2.1 C-brick 1.2.1.1 Processor 1.2.1.2 Local and directory memory 1.2.1.3 Bedrock ASIC 1.2.2 CX-brick 1.2.3 R-brick 1.2.4 I-brick 1.2.5 IX-brick 1.2.6 P-brick 1.2.7 PX-brick 1.2.8 X-brick 1.2.9 D-brick 2 Onyx 3000 2.1 Models 2.2 G-brick 2.2.1 InfiniteReality3 2.2.2 InfiniteReality4 2.3 V-brick (InfinitePerformance) 2.4 N-brick 3 References

[edit] Origin 3000

[edit] Models

• Origin 3200 - 2 to 8 processors, 512 MB to 16 GB of memory, one short rack, discontinued on 31 March 2004.
• Origin 3400 - 4 to 32 processors, 512 MB to 16 GB of memory, one tall rack.
• Origin 3800 - 16 to 512 processors, 2 GB to 1 TB of memory, one to 16 tall racks, discontinued on 31 March 2004.
• Origin 3900 - 4 to 512 processors, 1 GB to 1 TB of memory, one to four tall racks, introduced in November 2002, discontinued on 29 December 2006.

[edit] Special

• Origin 3200C - This model was a cluster of nodes that are comprised of entire Origin 3200 systems. This model could scale to thousands of processors. The clustering technology used was gigabit Ethernet and Infiniband.

[edit] Hardware description

Physically, the Origin 3000 is based on "bricks" - rackmounted modules that provide a specific function, that are connected together using NUMAlink 3 cables for modules providing compute functions, or Crosstown2 cables for modules providing I/O functions. These bricks are mounted in a standard 19-inch rack. There are two racks for the Origin 3000, a 17U-high short rack, and a 39U-high tall rack.

Architecturally, the Origin 3000 is based on the distributed shared memory NUMAflex architecture. The NUMAlink 3 system interconnect uses a fat tree hypercube network topology.

[edit] C-brick

The C-brick is a 3U-high enclosure that contains a node on a PCB. The node contains two or four processors, the local and directory memory, and the Bedrock ASIC. It connects to the system using NUMAlink 3.

[edit] Processor

The two processors and their secondary caches is contained on a PIMM (Processor Integrated Memory Module) daughter card that plugs into two 240-pin connectors the node board. Initially, the Origin 3000 used the 360 MHz R12000 and the 400 MHz R12000A processors with 4 or 8 MB of secondary cache. In May 2001, the 500 MHz R14000 was introduced with 8 MB of secondary cache and in February 2002, the 600 MHz R14000A was made available. Near the end of its lifetime, the C-brick was updated with 800 MHz MIPS processors.

[edit] Local and directory memory

The C-Brick supports 512 MB to 8 GB of local memory through eight DIMM slots organised into eight banks by using proprietary 100 MHz ECC DDR SDRAM DIMMs with capacities of 256 MB, 512 MB and 1 GB. The data path between the DIMM and the Bedrock ASIC is 144 bits wide, with 128 bits for data and 16 bits for ECC. Because the Origin 3000 uses a distributed shared memory model, directory memory is used to maintain cache coherency between the processors. Unlike the Origin 2000, which requires dedicated proprietary DIMMs for the directory memory, the Origin 3000's directory memory is integrated in the same DIMMs that contain the local memory. Due to this, there are two kinds of DIMM used in the Origin 3000: standard DIMMs, which supports systems with up to 128 processors, and premium DIMMs, which supports systems with more than 128 processors. The 256 MB DIMM is a standard DIMM, the 1 GB DIMM is a premium DIMM and the 512 MB DIMM can be either.

[edit] Bedrock ASIC

The Bedrock ASIC connects the processors, local and directory memory and the Crosstown2 interface to the NUMAlink 3 system interconnect using a crossbar. The ASIC contains six major sections: the crossbar (XB), two processor interfaces (PI_0 and PI_1), the memory and directory interface (MD), the I/O interface, (II) and the network interface (NI). The interfaces communicate with each other via FIFO buffers that are connected to the crossbar. It also serves as the memory controller. Although each PIMM contains two microprocessors, but only has one 1.6 GB/s interface to the Bedrock ASIC, the single interface is multiplexed to enable the two processors on each PIMM to operate independently without bus contention at the cost of reduced bandwidth.

[edit] CX-brick

The CX-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that is only used in Origin 3900 and Onyx 3900 systems. It differs from the C-brick by containing four node boards and eight-port router ASIC. The CX-brick can support up to 16 processors and 32 GB of memory. The CX-brick initially used the IP53 motherboard that supported 500 MHz R14000 and 600 MHz R14000A processors with 8 MB secondary caches, later upgraded to use the R16000 and R16000A. It connects to the system using NUMAlink 3.

[edit] R-brick

The R-brick is a 2U-high enclosure that features an eight-port router ASIC. Its purpose is to route NUMAlink packets throughout the system to connect the C-Bricks together. R-bricks for the Origin 3400 have a router ASIC with two ports disabled to prevent them from being upgraded into Origin 3800 systems.

[edit] I-brick

The I-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that provides boot I/O functions for the Origin 3000. It features five hot swappable PCI-X slots, with three clocked at 33 MHz and two at 66 MHz on two separate buses, two sled-mounted 3.5-inch Fibre Channel hard drives and a proprietary CD-ROM drive. The I-Brick also provides an 10/100BASE-T Ethernet port, a IEEE-1394 port, a serial port, two USB ports as well as a real time clock and NVRAM for storing configuration information through the IO9. It connects to the system using Crosstown2.

[edit] IX-brick

The IX-Brick is a 4U-high enclosure that is only used in Origin 3900 and Onyx 3900 systems. It an updated version of the P-brick with 133 MHz PCI-X expansion slots. It connects to the system using Crosstown2 cables.

[edit] P-brick

The P-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that provides an additional 12 PCI-X expansion slots on six buses to the system. It connects to the system using Crosstown2 cables.

[edit] PX-brick

The PX-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that is only used in Origin 3900 and Onyx 3900 systems. It an updated version of the P-brick with 133 MHz PCI-X expansion slots. It connects to the system using Crosstown2 cables.

[edit] X-brick

The X-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that provides four XIO expansion slots. It connects to the system using Crosstown2 cables.

[edit] D-brick

The D-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that can support 12 hot-swappable Fibre Channel hard drives through two Fibre Channel loops.

[edit] Onyx 3000

When the Origin 3000 is configured with at least a G-brick or V-brick, they are referred to as the Onyx 3000. The number of G-bricks or V-bricks supported in a system scales linearly with the number of C-bricks. G-bricks and V-bricks cannot be mixed in the same system.

[edit] Models

• Onyx 3200 with InfiniteReality Graphics - 4 to 8 processors, 512 MB to 16 GB of memory, 1 or 2 graphics pipe(s), one tall rack, discontinued on 31 March 2004.
• Onyx 3200 with InfinitePerformance Graphics - 4 to 8 processors, 512 MB to 16 GB of memory, 1 graphics pipe, one short rack, discontinued on 31 March 2004.
• Onyx 3400 with InfiniteReality Graphics - 4 to 32 processors, 512 MB to 64 GB of memory, 1 to 8 graphics pipe(s), a minimum of two racks.
• Onyx 3400 with InfinitePerformance Graphics - 6 to 32 processors, 1 to 64 GB of memory, 1 to 4 graphics pipe(s), a minimum of one tall rack.
• Onyx 3800 with InfiniteReality Graphics - 16 to 128 processors, 2 to 256 GB of memory, 1 to 16 graphics pipe(s), a minimum of three tall racks, discontinued on 31 March 2004.
• Onyx 3800 with InfinitePerformance Graphics - 16 to 128 processors, 2 to 256 GB of memory, 1 to 4 graphics pipe(s), a minimum of two tall racks, discontinued on 31 March 2004.
• Onyx 3900 with InfiniteReality Graphics - Introduced in November 2002, discontinued on 25 March 2005.
• Onyx 3900 with InfinitePerformance - Introduced in November 2002, discontinued on 25 March 2005.

[edit] G-brick

The G-brick is a 18U-high enclosure that supports the InfiniteReality graphics subsystem. Each G-brick can support two InfiniteReality graphics pipes, although one pipe can only have two raster manager boards while the other can have four. The G-brick connects to the system using Crosstown2 cables.

[edit] InfiniteReality3

The InfiniteReality3 was the original graphics subsystem for the Onyx 3000. It uses a GE16-4 geometry engine board with four geometry engines, two or four RM10 raster manager boards and a DG5-2 or DG5-8 display generator board.

[edit] InfiniteReality4

The InfiniteReality4 is an updated version of the InfiniteReality3, introduced in 2002. It replaces with RM10 board in the InfiniteReality3 with the RM11, which has improved performance and increased texture and raster (framebuffer) memory capacities. The RM11 has 1 GB of texture memory per a pipe and a 2.5 GB per a board.

[edit] V-brick (InfinitePerformance)

The V-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that supports two InfinitePerformance graphics pipes. Each graphics pipe consists of a 128 MB SGI VPro V12 graphics card. The V-brick connects to the system using Crosstown2 cables.

[edit] N-brick

The N-brick is a 2U-high enclosure that allows the C-bricks to connect to the G-bricks without using X-bricks or I-bricks, thus saving space as the other bricks are taller. The N-brick was intended for configurations where I/O capabilities were not required.

[edit] References

• Hardware Product Support Information Matrix, 7 January 2008, Silicon Graphics.
• InfiniteReality4 Addendum to Silicon Graphics Onyx2, SGI Onyx 3000 Series, and SGI Onyx 300 Guides, 007-4525-001, 10 July 2002, Silicon Graphics.
• SGI Onyx 3000 Series Graphics System Hardware Owner's Guide, 007-4264-002, 16 November 2001, Silicon Graphics.
• SGI Origin 3000 Datasheet, 3399, 8 October 2003, Silicon Graphics.
• SGI Origin 3000 Series Technical Configuration Owner's Guide, 007-4311-002, January 2001, Silicon Graphics.
• SGI Origin 3200C Scalable Cluster Datasheet, 2805, July 2000, Silicon Graphics.
• SGI Origin 3900 Server User's Guide, 007-4653-001, 31 January 2004, Silicon Graphics.