Seven anti-Partisan offensives
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The Seven anti-Partisan offensives, known in ex-Yugoslavia as the Seven enemy offensives (Serbian, Croatian: Sedam neprijateljskih ofanziva/ofenziva), is a group name for seven major Axis military operations on the territory of former Yugoslavia during World War II, undertaken against the Yugoslav partisan resistance movement.[1] These are:
- The First anti-Partisan offensive (First enemy offensive) in western Serbia against the Republic of Užice, from September to November 1941.
- The Second anti-Partisan offensive (Second enemy offensive) took place in eastern Bosnia in January 1942, with the Partisan troops forced to retreat over mount Igman next to Sarajevo.
- The Third anti-Partisan offensive (Third enemy offensive), an offensive against Partisan forces in eastern Bosnia, Montenegro, Sandžak and Hercegovina in spring 1942. Mistakenly identified by some sources as the Battle of Kozara, which took place in the summer of 1942.
- The Fourth anti-Partisan offensive (Fourth enemy offensive), also known as the Battle of Neretva or Fall Weiss ("White"), a conflict spanning the area between western Bosnia and northern Herzegovina, and culminating in the Partisan retreat over the Neretva river, from January to April 1943.
- The Fifth anti-Partisan offensive (Fifth enemy offensive), also known as the Battle of Sutjeska or Operation Schwartz ("Black"), a complete encirclement of Partisan forces in southeastern Bosnia and northern Montenegro in May and June of 1943.
- The Sixth anti-Partisan offensive (Sixth enemy offensive), a series of operations undertaken by the Wehrmacht and the Ustaše after the surrender of Italy in an attempt to secure the Adriatic coast, in the autumn of 1943 and winter of 1944.
- The Seventh anti-Partisan offensive (Seventh enemy offensive), the final attack in western Bosnia in the spring of 1944, which included Operation Rösselsprung, an unsuccessful attempt to catch Josip Broz Tito and annihilate the leadership of the communist partisan movement.
[edit] See also
- Yugoslav Partisans
- Yugoslav People's Liberation War
- List of anti-Partisan operations in Yugoslavia
- Resistance during World War II