Serine hydrolase

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The serine hydrolase superfamily is one of the largest known enzyme families comprising approximately 1% of the genes in the human genome. This family includes:

• serine proteases like trypsin
• lipases like pancreatic lipase, hormone sensitive lipase, and triacylglycerol lipase
• esterases
• acetylcholinesterase
• thioesterases
• certain phospholipases like phospholipase A2
• some amidases like fatty acid amide hydrolase

all of these enzymes share a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine) although variations on this mechanism exist.

[edit] See also

• Enzyme
• List of enzymes
• Ester
• Amide
• Thioester
• Activity based proteomics

v • d • e Proteins: enzymes Topics Active site - Allosteric regulation - Binding site - Catalytically perfect enzyme - Coenzyme - Cofactor - Cooperativity - EC number Enzyme catalysis - Enzyme inhibitor - Enzyme kinetics - Lineweaver-Burk plot - Michaelis-Menten kinetics - List of enzymes Types EC1 Oxidoreductases/list - EC2 Transferases/list - EC3 Hydrolases/list - EC4 Lyases/list - EC5 Isomerases/list - EC6 Ligases/list

v • d • e Hydrolase: esterases (EC 3.1) 3.1.1: Carboxylic ester hydrolases Cholinesterase - Pectinesterase - 6-phosphogluconolactonase - PAF acetylhydrolase Lipase (Gastric/Lingual, Pancreatic, Lysosomal, Hormone-sensitive, Endothelial, Hepatic, Lipoprotein, Monoacylglycerol, Diacylglycerol) Phospholipase (A1, A2, B) 3.1.2: Thioesterase Palmitoyl thioesterase - Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 3.1.3: Phosphatase Alkaline phosphatase - Acid phosphatase (Prostatic)/Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase/Purple acid phosphatases - Nucleotidase - Glucose 6-phosphatase - Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase - Calcineurin - Phosphoprotein phosphatase (PP2A) - OCRL - Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase - Fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase - Protein tyrosine phosphatase - PTEN 3.1.4: Phosphodiesterase Autotaxin - Phospholipase (C, D) - Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase - PDE1 - PDE2 - PDE3 - PDE5 3.1.6: Sulfatase Arylsulfatase B - Steroid sulfatase - Galactosamine-6 sulfatase - Arylsulfatase A - Iduronate-2-sulfatase - N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase other Nuclease